Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane
Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from carbonization of phosphoric acid soaked peanut shell at 380°C under inert atmosphere followed by activation with hydrogen peroxide. The AC was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and BET surface area and pore size analyzer. The potential of AC as a catalyst...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5732761 |
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| author | Mohammad Sadiq Mashooq Khan Muhammad Numan Razia Aman Saddam Hussain M. Sohail Ahmad Saima Sadiq Muhammad Abid Zia Haroon Ur Rashid Rahmat Ali |
| author_facet | Mohammad Sadiq Mashooq Khan Muhammad Numan Razia Aman Saddam Hussain M. Sohail Ahmad Saima Sadiq Muhammad Abid Zia Haroon Ur Rashid Rahmat Ali |
| author_sort | Mohammad Sadiq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from carbonization of phosphoric acid soaked peanut shell at 380°C under inert atmosphere followed by activation with hydrogen peroxide. The AC was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and BET surface area and pore size analyzer. The potential of AC as a catalyst for solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (the mixture is known as KA oil) in the presence of molecular oxygen at moderate temperature was investigated in a self-designed double-walled three-necked batch reactor. The effect of different reaction parameters/additive was optimized. The maximum productivity value (2.14 mmolg−1 h−1, without base, and 4.85 mmolg−1 h−1, with 0.2 mmol NaOH) of the desired product was achieved under optimal reaction parameters: vol 12.5 mL, cat 0.4 g, time 14 h, oxygen flow 40 mL/min (pO2 760 Torr), stirring 1100 rpm, and temp 75°C. The AC shows recyclability for multiple runs without any significant loss in activity. Thus, the AC can be an efficient catalyst, due to low cost, ease of synthesis, easy recovery, nonleaching, and recyclability for multiple uses for the solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9500e5bc561f483698e97b303b6848e9 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-9500e5bc561f483698e97b303b6848e92025-08-20T02:09:58ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712017-01-01201710.1155/2017/57327615732761Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of CyclohexaneMohammad Sadiq0Mashooq Khan1Muhammad Numan2Razia Aman3Saddam Hussain4M. Sohail Ahmad5Saima Sadiq6Muhammad Abid Zia7Haroon Ur Rashid8Rahmat Ali9Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Education, Attock Campus, Attock, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and IT, Peshawar, PakistanNational Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanActivated carbon (AC) was prepared from carbonization of phosphoric acid soaked peanut shell at 380°C under inert atmosphere followed by activation with hydrogen peroxide. The AC was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and BET surface area and pore size analyzer. The potential of AC as a catalyst for solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (the mixture is known as KA oil) in the presence of molecular oxygen at moderate temperature was investigated in a self-designed double-walled three-necked batch reactor. The effect of different reaction parameters/additive was optimized. The maximum productivity value (2.14 mmolg−1 h−1, without base, and 4.85 mmolg−1 h−1, with 0.2 mmol NaOH) of the desired product was achieved under optimal reaction parameters: vol 12.5 mL, cat 0.4 g, time 14 h, oxygen flow 40 mL/min (pO2 760 Torr), stirring 1100 rpm, and temp 75°C. The AC shows recyclability for multiple runs without any significant loss in activity. Thus, the AC can be an efficient catalyst, due to low cost, ease of synthesis, easy recovery, nonleaching, and recyclability for multiple uses for the solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5732761 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Sadiq Mashooq Khan Muhammad Numan Razia Aman Saddam Hussain M. Sohail Ahmad Saima Sadiq Muhammad Abid Zia Haroon Ur Rashid Rahmat Ali Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane |
| title_full | Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane |
| title_fullStr | Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane |
| title_short | Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane |
| title_sort | tuning of activated carbon for solvent free oxidation of cyclohexane |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5732761 |
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