In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells

Abstract Background Orthodontics is a speciality of dentistry that uses a plethora of devices made from myriad materials to manage various malocclusions. Prolonged contact of orthodontic appliances with oral tissues can lead to cellular damage, highlighting the need for biocompatible materials to mi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dhruv Ahuja, Nidhin Philip Jose, Rozy Kamal, Vinaya Panduranga, Supriya Nambiar, Arun M. Isloor
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-10-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04976-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850181340356411392
author Dhruv Ahuja
Nidhin Philip Jose
Rozy Kamal
Vinaya Panduranga
Supriya Nambiar
Arun M. Isloor
author_facet Dhruv Ahuja
Nidhin Philip Jose
Rozy Kamal
Vinaya Panduranga
Supriya Nambiar
Arun M. Isloor
author_sort Dhruv Ahuja
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Orthodontics is a speciality of dentistry that uses a plethora of devices made from myriad materials to manage various malocclusions. Prolonged contact of orthodontic appliances with oral tissues can lead to cellular damage, highlighting the need for biocompatible materials to mitigate health risks. Objectives To analyze the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity produced by metal brackets and coated metallic brackets with polymeric and nanoparticle coatings in oral mucosal cells. Materials & methods The current study compares the toxicity of 3 different types of orthodontic brackets with control groups of oral mucosal cells. Each of the three treatment groups consisted of 10 samples of orthodontic brackets: stainless steel brackets(Group 1), nanoparticle-coated brackets(Group 2), and polymeric-coated brackets(Group 3) exposed to corrosion eluates employing an oral biomimicry model. Two types of oral mucosal cells- Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Buccal Epithelial Cells were used to study the cytotoxic and/or genotoxic effects of the elutes. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using one-way analysis of variance, while scanning electron microscopy evaluated surface characteristic. Results The interaction between metal ions and oral mucosal cells showed no statistically significant difference for toxicity assays between the three groups(p > 0.005). However, polymeric and nanoparticle-coated groups showed reduced cellular differentiation when compared with conventional stainless-steel brackets. Conclusion This in-vitro study shows that polymeric or nanoparticle coating of conventional metal brackets aids in enhancing corrosion-resistant characteristics of orthodontic appliances and reduces the toxic oral environment created by metal release in the oral cavity.
format Article
id doaj-art-94da01f6fd0a46b99eba16e16d877803
institution OA Journals
issn 1472-6831
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Oral Health
spelling doaj-art-94da01f6fd0a46b99eba16e16d8778032025-08-20T02:17:56ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312024-10-0124111010.1186/s12903-024-04976-2In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cellsDhruv Ahuja0Nidhin Philip Jose1Rozy Kamal2Vinaya Panduranga3Supriya Nambiar4Arun M. Isloor5Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies(MRIIRS)Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology KarnatakaAbstract Background Orthodontics is a speciality of dentistry that uses a plethora of devices made from myriad materials to manage various malocclusions. Prolonged contact of orthodontic appliances with oral tissues can lead to cellular damage, highlighting the need for biocompatible materials to mitigate health risks. Objectives To analyze the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity produced by metal brackets and coated metallic brackets with polymeric and nanoparticle coatings in oral mucosal cells. Materials & methods The current study compares the toxicity of 3 different types of orthodontic brackets with control groups of oral mucosal cells. Each of the three treatment groups consisted of 10 samples of orthodontic brackets: stainless steel brackets(Group 1), nanoparticle-coated brackets(Group 2), and polymeric-coated brackets(Group 3) exposed to corrosion eluates employing an oral biomimicry model. Two types of oral mucosal cells- Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Buccal Epithelial Cells were used to study the cytotoxic and/or genotoxic effects of the elutes. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using one-way analysis of variance, while scanning electron microscopy evaluated surface characteristic. Results The interaction between metal ions and oral mucosal cells showed no statistically significant difference for toxicity assays between the three groups(p > 0.005). However, polymeric and nanoparticle-coated groups showed reduced cellular differentiation when compared with conventional stainless-steel brackets. Conclusion This in-vitro study shows that polymeric or nanoparticle coating of conventional metal brackets aids in enhancing corrosion-resistant characteristics of orthodontic appliances and reduces the toxic oral environment created by metal release in the oral cavity.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04976-2Orthodontic bracketsCytotoxicityGenotoxicityCorrosionOral mucosal cellBiocompatibility
spellingShingle Dhruv Ahuja
Nidhin Philip Jose
Rozy Kamal
Vinaya Panduranga
Supriya Nambiar
Arun M. Isloor
In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
BMC Oral Health
Orthodontic brackets
Cytotoxicity
Genotoxicity
Corrosion
Oral mucosal cell
Biocompatibility
title In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
title_full In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
title_fullStr In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
title_full_unstemmed In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
title_short In vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
title_sort in vitro determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by stainless steel brackets with and without surface coating in cultures of oral mucosal cells
topic Orthodontic brackets
Cytotoxicity
Genotoxicity
Corrosion
Oral mucosal cell
Biocompatibility
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04976-2
work_keys_str_mv AT dhruvahuja invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells
AT nidhinphilipjose invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells
AT rozykamal invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells
AT vinayapanduranga invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells
AT supriyanambiar invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells
AT arunmisloor invitrodeterminationofgenotoxicityandcytotoxicityinducedbystainlesssteelbracketswithandwithoutsurfacecoatinginculturesoforalmucosalcells