In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins

Protein–protein interactions are fundamental to understanding the molecular functions and regulation of proteins. Despite the availability of extensive databases, many interactions remain uncharacterized due to the labor-intensive nature of experimental validation. In this study, we utilized the Alp...

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Main Authors: Shinichi Kawaguchi, Xin Xu, Takashi Soga, Kenta Yamaguchi, Ryuuya Kawasaki, Ryota Shimouchi, Susumu Date, Toshie Kai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2025-04-01
Series:eLife
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Online Access:https://elifesciences.org/articles/101967
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author Shinichi Kawaguchi
Xin Xu
Takashi Soga
Kenta Yamaguchi
Ryuuya Kawasaki
Ryota Shimouchi
Susumu Date
Toshie Kai
author_facet Shinichi Kawaguchi
Xin Xu
Takashi Soga
Kenta Yamaguchi
Ryuuya Kawasaki
Ryota Shimouchi
Susumu Date
Toshie Kai
author_sort Shinichi Kawaguchi
collection DOAJ
description Protein–protein interactions are fundamental to understanding the molecular functions and regulation of proteins. Despite the availability of extensive databases, many interactions remain uncharacterized due to the labor-intensive nature of experimental validation. In this study, we utilized the AlphaFold2 program to predict interactions among proteins localized in the nuage, a germline-specific non-membrane organelle essential for piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. We screened 20 nuage proteins for 1:1 interactions and predicted dimer structures. Among these, five represented novel interaction candidates. Three pairs, including Spn-E_Squ, were verified by co-immunoprecipitation. Disruption of the salt bridges at the Spn-E_Squ interface confirmed their functional importance, underscoring the predictive model’s accuracy. We extended our analysis to include interactions between three representative nuage components—Vas, Squ, and Tej—and approximately 430 oogenesis-related proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation verified interactions for three pairs: Mei-W68_Squ, CSN3_Squ, and Pka-C1_Tej. Furthermore, we screened the majority of Drosophila proteins (~12,000) for potential interaction with the Piwi protein, a central player in the piRNA pathway, identifying 164 pairs as potential binding partners. This in silico approach not only efficiently identifies potential interaction partners but also significantly bridges the gap by facilitating the integration of bioinformatics and experimental biology.
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spelling doaj-art-9486b216dccf4015acf80294c426346e2025-08-20T02:24:56ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2025-04-011310.7554/eLife.101967In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteinsShinichi Kawaguchi0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-1918Xin Xu1Takashi Soga2Kenta Yamaguchi3Ryuuya Kawasaki4Ryota Shimouchi5Susumu Date6Toshie Kai7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8675-8469Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanGraduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanD3 Center, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanNEC Solution Innovators, Ltd., Tokyo, JapanNEC Solution Innovators, Ltd., Tokyo, JapanGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanD3 Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanGraduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanProtein–protein interactions are fundamental to understanding the molecular functions and regulation of proteins. Despite the availability of extensive databases, many interactions remain uncharacterized due to the labor-intensive nature of experimental validation. In this study, we utilized the AlphaFold2 program to predict interactions among proteins localized in the nuage, a germline-specific non-membrane organelle essential for piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. We screened 20 nuage proteins for 1:1 interactions and predicted dimer structures. Among these, five represented novel interaction candidates. Three pairs, including Spn-E_Squ, were verified by co-immunoprecipitation. Disruption of the salt bridges at the Spn-E_Squ interface confirmed their functional importance, underscoring the predictive model’s accuracy. We extended our analysis to include interactions between three representative nuage components—Vas, Squ, and Tej—and approximately 430 oogenesis-related proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation verified interactions for three pairs: Mei-W68_Squ, CSN3_Squ, and Pka-C1_Tej. Furthermore, we screened the majority of Drosophila proteins (~12,000) for potential interaction with the Piwi protein, a central player in the piRNA pathway, identifying 164 pairs as potential binding partners. This in silico approach not only efficiently identifies potential interaction partners but also significantly bridges the gap by facilitating the integration of bioinformatics and experimental biology.https://elifesciences.org/articles/101967AlphaFold2protein–protein interactionin silico screeningpiRNAnuage
spellingShingle Shinichi Kawaguchi
Xin Xu
Takashi Soga
Kenta Yamaguchi
Ryuuya Kawasaki
Ryota Shimouchi
Susumu Date
Toshie Kai
In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
eLife
AlphaFold2
protein–protein interaction
in silico screening
piRNA
nuage
title In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
title_full In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
title_fullStr In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
title_full_unstemmed In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
title_short In silico screening by AlphaFold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage-localizing proteins and piRNA-related proteins
title_sort in silico screening by alphafold2 program revealed the potential binding partners of nuage localizing proteins and pirna related proteins
topic AlphaFold2
protein–protein interaction
in silico screening
piRNA
nuage
url https://elifesciences.org/articles/101967
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