Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia
Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has become a valuable technique for trace gas detection due to its high sensitivity and potential for miniaturization. This study presents the development and evaluation of a near-infrared PAS system using a 1532 nm semiconductor laser and a multipass cell (MPC) desi...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6727 |
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| author | Oscar E. Bonilla-Manrique Alejandro Pérez Gonzalez-Banfi Jorge Viñuela Pérez Gabriele Dessena |
| author_facet | Oscar E. Bonilla-Manrique Alejandro Pérez Gonzalez-Banfi Jorge Viñuela Pérez Gabriele Dessena |
| author_sort | Oscar E. Bonilla-Manrique |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has become a valuable technique for trace gas detection due to its high sensitivity and potential for miniaturization. This study presents the development and evaluation of a near-infrared PAS system using a 1532 nm semiconductor laser and a multipass cell (MPC) designed to enhance the optical path and thereby improve the detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>). The minimum detection limit was determined to be 770 ppb, with a normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient of 1.07 × 10<sup>−8</sup> W cm<sup>−1</sup> Hz<sup>−1</sup>/<sup>2</sup>. While competitive with similar PAS systems, these results indicate that mid-infrared technologies still offer superior detection thresholds. The findings suggest that while this near-infrared setup may not yet match the sensitivity of systems using quantum cascade lasers or QEPAS, it offers notable advantages in terms of simplicity, cost, and potential for field deployment. The system’s configuration makes it a viable and efficient tool for industrial gas monitoring and real-time environmental applications, with future improvements likely to come from transitioning to the mid-infrared region and advancing laser stabilization and miniaturization techniques. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9465b62dd7d14c898bc4e910e9ec3bb3 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-9465b62dd7d14c898bc4e910e9ec3bb32025-08-20T02:24:18ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011512672710.3390/app15126727Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of AmmoniaOscar E. Bonilla-Manrique0Alejandro Pérez Gonzalez-Banfi1Jorge Viñuela Pérez2Gabriele Dessena3Electronic Technology Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, SpainElectronic Technology Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, SpainSchool of Computing and Digital Media, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UKDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, SpainPhotoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has become a valuable technique for trace gas detection due to its high sensitivity and potential for miniaturization. This study presents the development and evaluation of a near-infrared PAS system using a 1532 nm semiconductor laser and a multipass cell (MPC) designed to enhance the optical path and thereby improve the detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>). The minimum detection limit was determined to be 770 ppb, with a normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient of 1.07 × 10<sup>−8</sup> W cm<sup>−1</sup> Hz<sup>−1</sup>/<sup>2</sup>. While competitive with similar PAS systems, these results indicate that mid-infrared technologies still offer superior detection thresholds. The findings suggest that while this near-infrared setup may not yet match the sensitivity of systems using quantum cascade lasers or QEPAS, it offers notable advantages in terms of simplicity, cost, and potential for field deployment. The system’s configuration makes it a viable and efficient tool for industrial gas monitoring and real-time environmental applications, with future improvements likely to come from transitioning to the mid-infrared region and advancing laser stabilization and miniaturization techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6727photoacousticmultipass circular celllow concentration detectionammoniaoptical spectroscopynear infrared |
| spellingShingle | Oscar E. Bonilla-Manrique Alejandro Pérez Gonzalez-Banfi Jorge Viñuela Pérez Gabriele Dessena Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia Applied Sciences photoacoustic multipass circular cell low concentration detection ammonia optical spectroscopy near infrared |
| title | Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia |
| title_full | Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia |
| title_fullStr | Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia |
| title_short | Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Combined with a Multipass Circular Cell to Detect Low Concentrations of Ammonia |
| title_sort | photoacoustic spectroscopy combined with a multipass circular cell to detect low concentrations of ammonia |
| topic | photoacoustic multipass circular cell low concentration detection ammonia optical spectroscopy near infrared |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6727 |
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