Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast

Abstract Many lung diseases require high-resolution imaging for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard technique for non-invasive lung disease detection, but it presents a risk to the patient through the relatively high ionising radiation dose required. Utili...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: James A. Pollock, Kaye Morgan, Linda C. P. Croton, Emily J. Pryor, Kelly J. Crossley, Christopher J. Hall, Daniel Häusermann, Anton Maksimenko, Stuart B. Hooper, Marcus J. Kitchen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92857-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849403069961338880
author James A. Pollock
Kaye Morgan
Linda C. P. Croton
Emily J. Pryor
Kelly J. Crossley
Christopher J. Hall
Daniel Häusermann
Anton Maksimenko
Stuart B. Hooper
Marcus J. Kitchen
author_facet James A. Pollock
Kaye Morgan
Linda C. P. Croton
Emily J. Pryor
Kelly J. Crossley
Christopher J. Hall
Daniel Häusermann
Anton Maksimenko
Stuart B. Hooper
Marcus J. Kitchen
author_sort James A. Pollock
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Many lung diseases require high-resolution imaging for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard technique for non-invasive lung disease detection, but it presents a risk to the patient through the relatively high ionising radiation dose required. Utilising the X-ray phase information has demonstrated improvements in image quality over absorption contrast in small animal models, at equal or lower radiation levels. Propagation-based phase-contrast imaging requires only a spatially coherent wavefield and some propagation between the sample and detector, making it well suited for medical applications. In particular, lung imaging significantly benefits from the strong phase gradients introduced by the lung-air material interfaces. Herein, propagation-based phase contrast CT is demonstrated stepping up to large animals, namely lambs, as a model for paediatric patients, using monochromatic radiation and a photon-counting detector. The resulting CT images demonstrate superior resolution to existing high-resolution CT systems, and push dose to the quantum limit to comply with current Australian guidelines for infant chest CT exposure of $$<2.5\,\text {mSv}$$ effective dose. Constituent raw projections are shown to have significant proportions of pixels with zero photon counts that would create severe information loss in conventional CT. Phase retrieval enabled clear visualisation of minor lung airways ( $$\ge {290}\,{{\upmu }\hbox {m}}$$ ) at doses up to 1225 ± 31% times lower than conventional CT reconstruction and a voxel size of just 75  $${{\upmu }\hbox {m}}$$ .
format Article
id doaj-art-944ca12a0d21454a9d5fe2e90fd1cc19
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-944ca12a0d21454a9d5fe2e90fd1cc192025-08-20T03:37:22ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-92857-1Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrastJames A. Pollock0Kaye Morgan1Linda C. P. Croton2Emily J. Pryor3Kelly J. Crossley4Christopher J. Hall5Daniel Häusermann6Anton Maksimenko7Stuart B. Hooper8Marcus J. Kitchen9School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Monash UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Monash UniversityRitchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchRitchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchANSTO, Based at the Imaging and Medical Beamline of the Australian SynchrotronANSTO, Based at the Imaging and Medical Beamline of the Australian SynchrotronANSTO, Based at the Imaging and Medical Beamline of the Australian SynchrotronRitchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Monash UniversityAbstract Many lung diseases require high-resolution imaging for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard technique for non-invasive lung disease detection, but it presents a risk to the patient through the relatively high ionising radiation dose required. Utilising the X-ray phase information has demonstrated improvements in image quality over absorption contrast in small animal models, at equal or lower radiation levels. Propagation-based phase-contrast imaging requires only a spatially coherent wavefield and some propagation between the sample and detector, making it well suited for medical applications. In particular, lung imaging significantly benefits from the strong phase gradients introduced by the lung-air material interfaces. Herein, propagation-based phase contrast CT is demonstrated stepping up to large animals, namely lambs, as a model for paediatric patients, using monochromatic radiation and a photon-counting detector. The resulting CT images demonstrate superior resolution to existing high-resolution CT systems, and push dose to the quantum limit to comply with current Australian guidelines for infant chest CT exposure of $$<2.5\,\text {mSv}$$ effective dose. Constituent raw projections are shown to have significant proportions of pixels with zero photon counts that would create severe information loss in conventional CT. Phase retrieval enabled clear visualisation of minor lung airways ( $$\ge {290}\,{{\upmu }\hbox {m}}$$ ) at doses up to 1225 ± 31% times lower than conventional CT reconstruction and a voxel size of just 75  $${{\upmu }\hbox {m}}$$ .https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92857-1X-ray computed tomographyPhase contrast CTLungs
spellingShingle James A. Pollock
Kaye Morgan
Linda C. P. Croton
Emily J. Pryor
Kelly J. Crossley
Christopher J. Hall
Daniel Häusermann
Anton Maksimenko
Stuart B. Hooper
Marcus J. Kitchen
Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
Scientific Reports
X-ray computed tomography
Phase contrast CT
Lungs
title Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
title_full Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
title_fullStr Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
title_full_unstemmed Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
title_short Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
title_sort low dose high resolution ct of infant sized lungs via propagation based phase contrast
topic X-ray computed tomography
Phase contrast CT
Lungs
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92857-1
work_keys_str_mv AT jamesapollock lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT kayemorgan lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT lindacpcroton lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT emilyjpryor lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT kellyjcrossley lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT christopherjhall lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT danielhausermann lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT antonmaksimenko lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT stuartbhooper lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast
AT marcusjkitchen lowdosehighresolutionctofinfantsizedlungsviapropagationbasedphasecontrast