Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride

Abstract The main objective of this study is to determine the corrosive behavior of class 321 austenitic stainless steel by carrying out laboratory corrosion tests using the potentiodynamic polarization technique, using a standard solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and an ammonium chloride solution...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jancler Adriano Pereira Nicácio, Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Fundação Gorceix 2025-03-01
Series:REM: International Engineering Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-167X2025000201102&tlng=en
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850050092517556224
author Jancler Adriano Pereira Nicácio
Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins
author_facet Jancler Adriano Pereira Nicácio
Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins
author_sort Jancler Adriano Pereira Nicácio
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The main objective of this study is to determine the corrosive behavior of class 321 austenitic stainless steel by carrying out laboratory corrosion tests using the potentiodynamic polarization technique, using a standard solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and an ammonium chloride solution (NH4Cl), both solutions at a concentration of 3.5% wt./v. Ammonium chloride salt is formed in the reaction sections of gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units by the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid present in the cargo to be processed. It is a highly aggressive form of corrosion on various types of metallic materials, commonly used in the construction of equipment and pipelines in the oil and gas industry. Its damage can cause unscheduled downtime, loss of equipment containment, and loss of production, as well as potentially causing damage to people, installations, and the environment. The ASTM 321 steel showed higher corrosion resistance in ammonium chloride solutions than the ASTM 304 and 316L steels. During the general maintenance shutdown of a gasoline hydrotreating unit at a Brazilian oil refinery in 2024, the industrial application of this material will be demonstrated in a heat exchanger tube bundle for the effluent from the reaction section, made of 321 austenitic stainless steel.
format Article
id doaj-art-9447646700b64de5bb684726a1c1910b
institution DOAJ
issn 2448-167X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Fundação Gorceix
record_format Article
series REM: International Engineering Journal
spelling doaj-art-9447646700b64de5bb684726a1c1910b2025-08-20T02:53:34ZengFundação GorceixREM: International Engineering Journal2448-167X2025-03-0178210.1590/0370-44672024780044Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chlorideJancler Adriano Pereira Nicáciohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7240-2602Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Linshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6357-9553Abstract The main objective of this study is to determine the corrosive behavior of class 321 austenitic stainless steel by carrying out laboratory corrosion tests using the potentiodynamic polarization technique, using a standard solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and an ammonium chloride solution (NH4Cl), both solutions at a concentration of 3.5% wt./v. Ammonium chloride salt is formed in the reaction sections of gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units by the reaction between ammonia and hydrochloric acid present in the cargo to be processed. It is a highly aggressive form of corrosion on various types of metallic materials, commonly used in the construction of equipment and pipelines in the oil and gas industry. Its damage can cause unscheduled downtime, loss of equipment containment, and loss of production, as well as potentially causing damage to people, installations, and the environment. The ASTM 321 steel showed higher corrosion resistance in ammonium chloride solutions than the ASTM 304 and 316L steels. During the general maintenance shutdown of a gasoline hydrotreating unit at a Brazilian oil refinery in 2024, the industrial application of this material will be demonstrated in a heat exchanger tube bundle for the effluent from the reaction section, made of 321 austenitic stainless steel.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-167X2025000201102&tlng=enaustenitic stainless steel 321corrosionNH4Clheat exchanger
spellingShingle Jancler Adriano Pereira Nicácio
Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins
Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
REM: International Engineering Journal
austenitic stainless steel 321
corrosion
NH4Cl
heat exchanger
title Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
title_full Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
title_fullStr Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
title_full_unstemmed Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
title_short Corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
title_sort corrosive behavior of austenitic stainless steel 321 in environments containing ammonium chloride
topic austenitic stainless steel 321
corrosion
NH4Cl
heat exchanger
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-167X2025000201102&tlng=en
work_keys_str_mv AT jancleradrianopereiranicacio corrosivebehaviorofausteniticstainlesssteel321inenvironmentscontainingammoniumchloride
AT vanessadefreitascunhalins corrosivebehaviorofausteniticstainlesssteel321inenvironmentscontainingammoniumchloride