Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept

The microbiological safety of milk can be ensured through heat processing; however, this method has a negative effect on the sensory profile of this food product. Emerging technologies could be used as an alternative process for guaranteeing innocuity and maintaining sensory changes. An alternative...

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Main Authors: Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes, Omar F. Ruiz-Martinez, Fernando Davalos Hernandez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2177
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author Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes
Omar F. Ruiz-Martinez
Fernando Davalos Hernandez
author_facet Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes
Omar F. Ruiz-Martinez
Fernando Davalos Hernandez
author_sort Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes
collection DOAJ
description The microbiological safety of milk can be ensured through heat processing; however, this method has a negative effect on the sensory profile of this food product. Emerging technologies could be used as an alternative process for guaranteeing innocuity and maintaining sensory changes. An alternative is to evaluate pulsed electric field (PEF) electroporation, which is a method of processing cells using short pulses of a strong electric field. PEF has the potential to be a type of alternative low-temperature pasteurization process that consists of high-frequency voltage pulsations. Specifically, the presented work is a proof of concept for the design of a converter capable of generating a PEF to feed a load that meets the impedance characteristics of milk. The proposed converter is simulated using PLECS software (4.9.6 version) under impedance change scenarios that emulate variations in milk throughout the entire process. This research proposes the modification of a classic Vienna rectifier (adding an MBC—Multilevel Boost Converter structure) to supply a pulsating signal that could be used for low-temperature processes of milk to guarantee proper pasteurization. The characteristics of the generated high-voltage pulse make it feasible to quickly process the real sample. The control law design considers a regulation loop to achieve a voltage in the range of kV and a switching-type control law that activates switches in MMC arrays. These switches are activated randomly to avoid transients that cause significant stress on them.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-94413680f463471888907278a405bf642025-08-20T03:49:55ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-06-011413217710.3390/foods14132177Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of ConceptJulieta Domínguez-Soberanes0Omar F. Ruiz-Martinez1Fernando Davalos Hernandez2Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, 101, Villa Bonaterra, Aguascalientes 20296, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, 101, Villa Bonaterra, Aguascalientes 20296, MexicoFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, 101, Villa Bonaterra, Aguascalientes 20296, MexicoThe microbiological safety of milk can be ensured through heat processing; however, this method has a negative effect on the sensory profile of this food product. Emerging technologies could be used as an alternative process for guaranteeing innocuity and maintaining sensory changes. An alternative is to evaluate pulsed electric field (PEF) electroporation, which is a method of processing cells using short pulses of a strong electric field. PEF has the potential to be a type of alternative low-temperature pasteurization process that consists of high-frequency voltage pulsations. Specifically, the presented work is a proof of concept for the design of a converter capable of generating a PEF to feed a load that meets the impedance characteristics of milk. The proposed converter is simulated using PLECS software (4.9.6 version) under impedance change scenarios that emulate variations in milk throughout the entire process. This research proposes the modification of a classic Vienna rectifier (adding an MBC—Multilevel Boost Converter structure) to supply a pulsating signal that could be used for low-temperature processes of milk to guarantee proper pasteurization. The characteristics of the generated high-voltage pulse make it feasible to quickly process the real sample. The control law design considers a regulation loop to achieve a voltage in the range of kV and a switching-type control law that activates switches in MMC arrays. These switches are activated randomly to avoid transients that cause significant stress on them.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2177pulsed electric fielddairy foodsnoveltyfood non-thermal processfood qualitypower electronic converter
spellingShingle Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes
Omar F. Ruiz-Martinez
Fernando Davalos Hernandez
Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
Foods
pulsed electric field
dairy foods
novelty
food non-thermal process
food quality
power electronic converter
title Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
title_full Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
title_fullStr Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
title_full_unstemmed Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
title_short Power Converter Design for Pulsed Electric Field-Based Milk Processing: A Proof of Concept
title_sort power converter design for pulsed electric field based milk processing a proof of concept
topic pulsed electric field
dairy foods
novelty
food non-thermal process
food quality
power electronic converter
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2177
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AT omarfruizmartinez powerconverterdesignforpulsedelectricfieldbasedmilkprocessingaproofofconcept
AT fernandodavaloshernandez powerconverterdesignforpulsedelectricfieldbasedmilkprocessingaproofofconcept