Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots

Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope has revealed a new class of high-redshift (high- z , z  > 4) compact galaxies that are red in the rest-frame optical and blue in the rest-frame UV with V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs), referred to as “little red dots” (LRDs). It is very likel...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruqiu Lin, Zhen-Ya Zheng, Chunyan Jiang, Fang-Ting Yuan, Luis C. Ho, Junxian Wang, Linhua Jiang, James E. Rhoads, Sangeeta Malhotra, L. Felipe Barrientos, Isak Wold, Leopoldo Infante, Shuairu Zhu, Xiang Ji, Xiaodan Fu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adaaf1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850153275115962368
author Ruqiu Lin
Zhen-Ya Zheng
Chunyan Jiang
Fang-Ting Yuan
Luis C. Ho
Junxian Wang
Linhua Jiang
James E. Rhoads
Sangeeta Malhotra
L. Felipe Barrientos
Isak Wold
Leopoldo Infante
Shuairu Zhu
Xiang Ji
Xiaodan Fu
author_facet Ruqiu Lin
Zhen-Ya Zheng
Chunyan Jiang
Fang-Ting Yuan
Luis C. Ho
Junxian Wang
Linhua Jiang
James E. Rhoads
Sangeeta Malhotra
L. Felipe Barrientos
Isak Wold
Leopoldo Infante
Shuairu Zhu
Xiang Ji
Xiaodan Fu
author_sort Ruqiu Lin
collection DOAJ
description Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope has revealed a new class of high-redshift (high- z , z  > 4) compact galaxies that are red in the rest-frame optical and blue in the rest-frame UV with V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs), referred to as “little red dots” (LRDs). It is very likely that LRDs host obscured broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In the meanwhile, Green Pea galaxies (GPs), which are compact dwarf galaxies at low redshift, share various similar properties with high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Here, we aim to find the connection between the LRDs and GPs hosting broad-line AGNs (BLGPs). With a sample of 19 BLGPs obtained from our previous work, we further identify seven GPs with V-shaped rest-frame UV-to-optical SEDs that are likely local analogs to LRDs. These V-shaped BLGPs exhibit faint UV absolute magnitudes and sub-Eddington rates similar to those of LRDs. Three of them occupy a similar region to LRDs in the Baldwin–Philips–Terlevich diagram, suggesting they have similar ionization conditions and gas-phase metallicities to LRDs. These similarities suggest that V-shaped BLGPs can be taken as local analogs of high-redshift LRDs. In addition, most (16/19) BLGPs, including six V-shaped BLGPs, host overmassive black holes (BHs) above the local M _BH – M _* relation, making it the first sample of galaxies hosting overmassive BHs at z  < 0.4. These findings will help us learn more about the formation and coevolution of early galaxies and BHs.
format Article
id doaj-art-943ca2050e5944e6a6fb2750e6596774
institution OA Journals
issn 2041-8205
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series The Astrophysical Journal Letters
spelling doaj-art-943ca2050e5944e6a6fb2750e65967742025-08-20T02:25:45ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019802L3410.3847/2041-8213/adaaf1Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red DotsRuqiu Lin0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-0858Zhen-Ya Zheng1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9634-2923Chunyan Jiang2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-8557Fang-Ting Yuan3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6763-5869Luis C. Ho4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6947-5846Junxian Wang5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-6434Linhua Jiang6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4176-6486James E. Rhoads7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1501-454XSangeeta Malhotra8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-5350L. Felipe Barrientos9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-0718Isak Wold10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-1852Leopoldo Infante11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-932XShuairu Zhu12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-0761Xiang Ji13Xiaodan Fu14Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cnShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cnKavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of ChinaKavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of ChinaAstrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAAstrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAInstituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astroingeniería, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306, Santiago 22, ChileAstrophysics Science Division, Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America , Washington, DC 20064, USALas Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Institution of Washington , Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile; Instituto de Astrofísica , Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, ChileShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cn; School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cnShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; zhengzy@shao.ac.cnRecently, the James Webb Space Telescope has revealed a new class of high-redshift (high- z , z  > 4) compact galaxies that are red in the rest-frame optical and blue in the rest-frame UV with V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs), referred to as “little red dots” (LRDs). It is very likely that LRDs host obscured broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In the meanwhile, Green Pea galaxies (GPs), which are compact dwarf galaxies at low redshift, share various similar properties with high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Here, we aim to find the connection between the LRDs and GPs hosting broad-line AGNs (BLGPs). With a sample of 19 BLGPs obtained from our previous work, we further identify seven GPs with V-shaped rest-frame UV-to-optical SEDs that are likely local analogs to LRDs. These V-shaped BLGPs exhibit faint UV absolute magnitudes and sub-Eddington rates similar to those of LRDs. Three of them occupy a similar region to LRDs in the Baldwin–Philips–Terlevich diagram, suggesting they have similar ionization conditions and gas-phase metallicities to LRDs. These similarities suggest that V-shaped BLGPs can be taken as local analogs of high-redshift LRDs. In addition, most (16/19) BLGPs, including six V-shaped BLGPs, host overmassive black holes (BHs) above the local M _BH – M _* relation, making it the first sample of galaxies hosting overmassive BHs at z  < 0.4. These findings will help us learn more about the formation and coevolution of early galaxies and BHs.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adaaf1Emission line galaxiesExtragalactic astronomySupermassive black holes
spellingShingle Ruqiu Lin
Zhen-Ya Zheng
Chunyan Jiang
Fang-Ting Yuan
Luis C. Ho
Junxian Wang
Linhua Jiang
James E. Rhoads
Sangeeta Malhotra
L. Felipe Barrientos
Isak Wold
Leopoldo Infante
Shuairu Zhu
Xiang Ji
Xiaodan Fu
Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Emission line galaxies
Extragalactic astronomy
Supermassive black holes
title Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
title_full Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
title_fullStr Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
title_full_unstemmed Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
title_short Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
title_sort discovery of local analogs to jwst s little red dots
topic Emission line galaxies
Extragalactic astronomy
Supermassive black holes
url https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adaaf1
work_keys_str_mv AT ruqiulin discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT zhenyazheng discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT chunyanjiang discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT fangtingyuan discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT luischo discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT junxianwang discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT linhuajiang discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT jameserhoads discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT sangeetamalhotra discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT lfelipebarrientos discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT isakwold discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT leopoldoinfante discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT shuairuzhu discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT xiangji discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots
AT xiaodanfu discoveryoflocalanalogstojwstslittlereddots