A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan
Abstract Objectives The study aimed to examine how management practices, farming setup and breed influence disease outbreaks. It also sought to investigate the frequency and types of antimicrobials used, as well as the relationship between antimicrobial usage and disease occurrences. Methods We cond...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | BMC Research Notes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07220-4 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849726204967387136 |
|---|---|
| author | Farrukh Saleem Aqsa Ameer Farhan Afzal Muhammad Usman Hamid Irshad Sadia Sattar Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Sundus Javed |
| author_facet | Farrukh Saleem Aqsa Ameer Farhan Afzal Muhammad Usman Hamid Irshad Sadia Sattar Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Sundus Javed |
| author_sort | Farrukh Saleem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives The study aimed to examine how management practices, farming setup and breed influence disease outbreaks. It also sought to investigate the frequency and types of antimicrobials used, as well as the relationship between antimicrobial usage and disease occurrences. Methods We conducted a survey of 140 poultry farms [Broiler farms = 66; Layer farms = 36; Local (Desi and its crosses) farms = 38] across major poultry producing regions of Pakistan. The gathered information covered demographics as well as the farming associated parameters including size, type of the farms, management practices, breeds raised, disease outbreak and antimicrobials use. Results Using contingency analyses and log binomial regression models, we identified Broiler control sheds at high risk of disease. Diseases such as Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease, and Fowl Typhoid were frequently reported and their outbreaks were associated with low cleaning frequency, high stocking density, bedding material using rice husk, and canola as a major feed ingredient. Farmer education was associated with a decrease in disease outbreak. Antimicrobial use was associated with farming experience, farm size, type and breed. Conclusion High disease incidence is associated with management practices and breed types across various farm setups. Experienced Broiler farmers often report disease outbreaks and use antimicrobials more frequently. Educated farmers, however, experience fewer outbreaks and can better regulate antimicrobial usage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-93d993f21eba47c38cfb7cbca2b13c69 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1756-0500 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Research Notes |
| spelling | doaj-art-93d993f21eba47c38cfb7cbca2b13c692025-08-20T03:10:14ZengBMCBMC Research Notes1756-05002025-04-0118111410.1186/s13104-025-07220-4A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in PakistanFarrukh Saleem0Aqsa Ameer1Farhan Afzal2Muhammad Usman3Hamid Irshad4Sadia Sattar5Umer Zeeshan Ijaz6Sundus Javed7Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University IslamabadDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University IslamabadPoultry Research Institute PunjabPoultry Research Institute PunjabAnimal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research CenterDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University IslamabadWater & Environment Research Group, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of GlasgowDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University IslamabadAbstract Objectives The study aimed to examine how management practices, farming setup and breed influence disease outbreaks. It also sought to investigate the frequency and types of antimicrobials used, as well as the relationship between antimicrobial usage and disease occurrences. Methods We conducted a survey of 140 poultry farms [Broiler farms = 66; Layer farms = 36; Local (Desi and its crosses) farms = 38] across major poultry producing regions of Pakistan. The gathered information covered demographics as well as the farming associated parameters including size, type of the farms, management practices, breeds raised, disease outbreak and antimicrobials use. Results Using contingency analyses and log binomial regression models, we identified Broiler control sheds at high risk of disease. Diseases such as Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease, and Fowl Typhoid were frequently reported and their outbreaks were associated with low cleaning frequency, high stocking density, bedding material using rice husk, and canola as a major feed ingredient. Farmer education was associated with a decrease in disease outbreak. Antimicrobial use was associated with farming experience, farm size, type and breed. Conclusion High disease incidence is associated with management practices and breed types across various farm setups. Experienced Broiler farmers often report disease outbreaks and use antimicrobials more frequently. Educated farmers, however, experience fewer outbreaks and can better regulate antimicrobial usage.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07220-4SurveyManagement practicesDisease outbreakAntimicrobialsZoonosis |
| spellingShingle | Farrukh Saleem Aqsa Ameer Farhan Afzal Muhammad Usman Hamid Irshad Sadia Sattar Umer Zeeshan Ijaz Sundus Javed A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan BMC Research Notes Survey Management practices Disease outbreak Antimicrobials Zoonosis |
| title | A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan |
| title_full | A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan |
| title_short | A cross-sectional survey of poultry management systems, practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in Pakistan |
| title_sort | cross sectional survey of poultry management systems practices and antimicrobial use in relation to disease outbreak in pakistan |
| topic | Survey Management practices Disease outbreak Antimicrobials Zoonosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07220-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT farrukhsaleem acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT aqsaameer acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT farhanafzal acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT muhammadusman acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT hamidirshad acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT sadiasattar acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT umerzeeshanijaz acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT sundusjaved acrosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT farrukhsaleem crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT aqsaameer crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT farhanafzal crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT muhammadusman crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT hamidirshad crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT sadiasattar crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT umerzeeshanijaz crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan AT sundusjaved crosssectionalsurveyofpoultrymanagementsystemspracticesandantimicrobialuseinrelationtodiseaseoutbreakinpakistan |