The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation

Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvil...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryam Ansari, Mohammad Kazemi, Maryam Mohammadi Sichani, Vajihe Karbasizade
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2025-06-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849434426205798400
author Maryam Ansari
Mohammad Kazemi
Maryam Mohammadi Sichani
Vajihe Karbasizade
author_facet Maryam Ansari
Mohammad Kazemi
Maryam Mohammadi Sichani
Vajihe Karbasizade
author_sort Maryam Ansari
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvillea garcinii on the growth and the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of AGME and AGEO against S. aureus ATCC 6538 were assessed using the microbroth dilution method and the Crystal Violet Staining Assay, respectively. The expression levels of sarA, spa, and icaA, genes involved in biofilm formation, were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results: AGME and AGEO inhibited S. aureus growth at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1 mg/ml and 0.6 mg/ml, respectively. AGME exhibited a 72% inhibition of biofilm formation at ¼ MIC, whereas AGEO showed no significant antibiofilm activity. AGME downregulated the expression of sarA, a key regulator of biofilm formation, as well as spa, and icaA genes. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that A. garcinii essential oil (AGEO) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, while its methanolic extract (AGME) effectively inhibits biofilm formation in S. aureus. These findings suggest the potential application of AGEO and AGME as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. Further investigations on their efficacy against other bacterial pathogens are recommended.
format Article
id doaj-art-93a00aefdc3e4f98b0321f05ac6aae38
institution Kabale University
issn 2008-3289
2008-4447
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
record_format Article
series Iranian Journal of Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-93a00aefdc3e4f98b0321f05ac6aae382025-08-20T03:26:39ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472025-06-0117310.18502/ijm.v17i3.18830The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formationMaryam Ansari0Mohammad Kazemi1Maryam Mohammadi Sichani2Vajihe Karbasizade3Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Microbiology, Fal. C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvillea garcinii on the growth and the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of AGME and AGEO against S. aureus ATCC 6538 were assessed using the microbroth dilution method and the Crystal Violet Staining Assay, respectively. The expression levels of sarA, spa, and icaA, genes involved in biofilm formation, were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results: AGME and AGEO inhibited S. aureus growth at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1 mg/ml and 0.6 mg/ml, respectively. AGME exhibited a 72% inhibition of biofilm formation at ¼ MIC, whereas AGEO showed no significant antibiofilm activity. AGME downregulated the expression of sarA, a key regulator of biofilm formation, as well as spa, and icaA genes. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that A. garcinii essential oil (AGEO) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, while its methanolic extract (AGME) effectively inhibits biofilm formation in S. aureus. These findings suggest the potential application of AGEO and AGME as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. Further investigations on their efficacy against other bacterial pathogens are recommended. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102Staphylococcus aureusBiofilmPlant extractAntibacterial agentsGene expression
spellingShingle Maryam Ansari
Mohammad Kazemi
Maryam Mohammadi Sichani
Vajihe Karbasizade
The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
Iranian Journal of Microbiology
Staphylococcus aureus
Biofilm
Plant extract
Antibacterial agents
Gene expression
title The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
title_full The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
title_fullStr The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
title_full_unstemmed The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
title_short The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
title_sort inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
topic Staphylococcus aureus
Biofilm
Plant extract
Antibacterial agents
Gene expression
url https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102
work_keys_str_mv AT maryamansari theinhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT mohammadkazemi theinhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT maryammohammadisichani theinhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT vajihekarbasizade theinhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT maryamansari inhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT mohammadkazemi inhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT maryammohammadisichani inhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation
AT vajihekarbasizade inhibitoryeffectofthemethanolicextractandtheessenceofanvilleagarciniionexpressionofthegenesrelatedtostaphylococcusaureusbiofilmformation