The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvil...
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102 |
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| author | Maryam Ansari Mohammad Kazemi Maryam Mohammadi Sichani Vajihe Karbasizade |
| author_facet | Maryam Ansari Mohammad Kazemi Maryam Mohammadi Sichani Vajihe Karbasizade |
| author_sort | Maryam Ansari |
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Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvillea garcinii on the growth and the biofilm formation of S. aureus.
Materials and Methods: The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of AGME and AGEO against S. aureus ATCC 6538 were assessed using the microbroth dilution method and the Crystal Violet Staining Assay, respectively. The expression levels of sarA, spa, and icaA, genes involved in biofilm formation, were analyzed using real-time PCR.
Results: AGME and AGEO inhibited S. aureus growth at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1 mg/ml and 0.6 mg/ml, respectively. AGME exhibited a 72% inhibition of biofilm formation at ¼ MIC, whereas AGEO showed no significant antibiofilm activity. AGME downregulated the expression of sarA, a key regulator of biofilm formation, as well as spa, and icaA genes.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that A. garcinii essential oil (AGEO) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, while its methanolic extract (AGME) effectively inhibits biofilm formation in S. aureus. These findings suggest the potential application of AGEO and AGME as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. Further investigations on their efficacy against other bacterial pathogens are recommended.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-93a00aefdc3e4f98b0321f05ac6aae38 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2008-3289 2008-4447 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-93a00aefdc3e4f98b0321f05ac6aae382025-08-20T03:26:39ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472025-06-0117310.18502/ijm.v17i3.18830The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formationMaryam Ansari0Mohammad Kazemi1Maryam Mohammadi Sichani2Vajihe Karbasizade3Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Microbiology, Fal. C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium whose virulence is attributed to its extracellular compounds and biofilm-forming ability. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract (AGME) and the essential oil (AGEO) of Anvillea garcinii on the growth and the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of AGME and AGEO against S. aureus ATCC 6538 were assessed using the microbroth dilution method and the Crystal Violet Staining Assay, respectively. The expression levels of sarA, spa, and icaA, genes involved in biofilm formation, were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results: AGME and AGEO inhibited S. aureus growth at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 1 mg/ml and 0.6 mg/ml, respectively. AGME exhibited a 72% inhibition of biofilm formation at ¼ MIC, whereas AGEO showed no significant antibiofilm activity. AGME downregulated the expression of sarA, a key regulator of biofilm formation, as well as spa, and icaA genes. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that A. garcinii essential oil (AGEO) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity, while its methanolic extract (AGME) effectively inhibits biofilm formation in S. aureus. These findings suggest the potential application of AGEO and AGME as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. Further investigations on their efficacy against other bacterial pathogens are recommended. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102Staphylococcus aureusBiofilmPlant extractAntibacterial agentsGene expression |
| spellingShingle | Maryam Ansari Mohammad Kazemi Maryam Mohammadi Sichani Vajihe Karbasizade The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation Iranian Journal of Microbiology Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Plant extract Antibacterial agents Gene expression |
| title | The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| title_full | The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| title_fullStr | The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| title_short | The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of Anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| title_sort | inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract and the essence of anvillea garcinii on expression of the genes related to staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Plant extract Antibacterial agents Gene expression |
| url | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5102 |
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