Onychomycosis Endonyx: A Systematic Review
Background/Objectives: Endonyx onychomycosis is a chronic infection of the nail plate that presents as milky white discoloration, without hyperkeratosis or onycholysis, and was originally described as being caused by <i>T. soudanense</i> and <i>T. violaceum</i>. Methods: In t...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/13/4/110 |
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| Summary: | Background/Objectives: Endonyx onychomycosis is a chronic infection of the nail plate that presents as milky white discoloration, without hyperkeratosis or onycholysis, and was originally described as being caused by <i>T. soudanense</i> and <i>T. violaceum</i>. Methods: In the present review, the definitions used in the different articles and the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with this onychomycosis variant were analyzed through a systematic review of the reported cases in the literature using the terms “endonyx” AND “onychomycosis” in PUBMED, SciELO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Academics databases. Results: We found 28 articles with a total of 175 patients diagnosed with endonyx onychomycosis, mainly reported in Asia and Africa. Nine papers presented detailed descriptions. From these, a total of 15 immunocompetent patients were registered, and the etiological agents reported were <i>Trichophyton soudanense</i>, <i>T. rubrum</i>, <i>T. violaceum</i>, <i>T. tonsurans</i>, and <i>Fusarium</i> spp. After analyzing the definitions employed in the remaining articles, only 47.3% cited or described a concept consistent with the original description. The other 47.3% of the studies lacked a traceable criterion for the diagnosis of these cases. Moreover, most studies analyzed their data at a global level, describing little information to provide specific insights into the endonyx variant. Conclusions: Emphasis on clinical description and histopathological analysis is essential to confirm the role of less commonly reported fungi, and more accurate diagnostic and treatment protocols for this condition are mandatory. |
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| ISSN: | 2079-9721 |