Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses
Oral diseases are highly prevalent among domestic cats, with microbiota dysbiosis as a primary etiological factor. However, effective microbiota-targeted interventions remain limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of a dietary supplement combining propolis and lysozyme (PL) in mitigating feline...
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2025-05-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/6/639 |
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| author | Longjiao Wang Qianqian Chen Weiwei Wang Hao Dong Xiaohan Chang Lishui Chen Ran Wang Yaoxing Chen Pengjie Wang Shuxing Chen Wei Xiong Yixuan Li |
| author_facet | Longjiao Wang Qianqian Chen Weiwei Wang Hao Dong Xiaohan Chang Lishui Chen Ran Wang Yaoxing Chen Pengjie Wang Shuxing Chen Wei Xiong Yixuan Li |
| author_sort | Longjiao Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral diseases are highly prevalent among domestic cats, with microbiota dysbiosis as a primary etiological factor. However, effective microbiota-targeted interventions remain limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of a dietary supplement combining propolis and lysozyme (PL) in mitigating feline oral health issues, based on a cohort of 24 cats divided equally into placebo, treatment, and healthy control groups (<i>n</i> = 8 per group). Supragingival microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, alongside assessments of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), oral health indices, and systemic inflammatory, oxidative, and immune markers. After 28 days of intervention, cats receiving PL supplementation demonstrated significant improvements, including a 35.4% reduction in VSCs and notable decreases in debris (34.9%), plaque (51.2%), and gingival indices (61.0%). Systemically, MDA and TNF-α levels decreased, while SOD, T-AOC, and IL-4 increased. Microbiota analysis revealed suppression of Porphyromonas and Selenomonas and enrichment of Moraxella and Bergeyella. Reductions in VSCs, gingival index, and TNF-α were correlated with lower Porphyromonas abundance, while Moraxella and Luteimonas were positively associated with antioxidant status. Functional predictions indicated downregulation of virulence-related pathways and increased expression of glutathione reductase. These findings highlight PL’s potential as a natural, microbiota-based intervention that improves feline oral health and modulates the oral–systemic axis, supporting its application in integrative oral care strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9352a04669a24c3199c868aa1af9bb83 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-9352a04669a24c3199c868aa1af9bb832025-08-20T03:32:28ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-05-0114663910.3390/antiox14060639Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative ResponsesLongjiao Wang0Qianqian Chen1Weiwei Wang2Hao Dong3Xiaohan Chang4Lishui Chen5Ran Wang6Yaoxing Chen7Pengjie Wang8Shuxing Chen9Wei Xiong10Yixuan Li11Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaKey Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaKey Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaFood Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, ChinaKey Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaOral diseases are highly prevalent among domestic cats, with microbiota dysbiosis as a primary etiological factor. However, effective microbiota-targeted interventions remain limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of a dietary supplement combining propolis and lysozyme (PL) in mitigating feline oral health issues, based on a cohort of 24 cats divided equally into placebo, treatment, and healthy control groups (<i>n</i> = 8 per group). Supragingival microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, alongside assessments of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), oral health indices, and systemic inflammatory, oxidative, and immune markers. After 28 days of intervention, cats receiving PL supplementation demonstrated significant improvements, including a 35.4% reduction in VSCs and notable decreases in debris (34.9%), plaque (51.2%), and gingival indices (61.0%). Systemically, MDA and TNF-α levels decreased, while SOD, T-AOC, and IL-4 increased. Microbiota analysis revealed suppression of Porphyromonas and Selenomonas and enrichment of Moraxella and Bergeyella. Reductions in VSCs, gingival index, and TNF-α were correlated with lower Porphyromonas abundance, while Moraxella and Luteimonas were positively associated with antioxidant status. Functional predictions indicated downregulation of virulence-related pathways and increased expression of glutathione reductase. These findings highlight PL’s potential as a natural, microbiota-based intervention that improves feline oral health and modulates the oral–systemic axis, supporting its application in integrative oral care strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/6/639felineoral microbiotapropolislysozymeoral healthinflammatory |
| spellingShingle | Longjiao Wang Qianqian Chen Weiwei Wang Hao Dong Xiaohan Chang Lishui Chen Ran Wang Yaoxing Chen Pengjie Wang Shuxing Chen Wei Xiong Yixuan Li Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses Antioxidants feline oral microbiota propolis lysozyme oral health inflammatory |
| title | Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses |
| title_full | Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses |
| title_fullStr | Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses |
| title_short | Oral Administration of Propolis and Lysozyme Combination Improves Feline Oral Health and Modulates Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses |
| title_sort | oral administration of propolis and lysozyme combination improves feline oral health and modulates systemic inflammatory and oxidative responses |
| topic | feline oral microbiota propolis lysozyme oral health inflammatory |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/6/639 |
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