Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco)
ABSTRACT: The drinking water supply in M′rirt, a quaint Moroccan mountain town nestled at an elevation of 1113 m, is sourced from the Oum Errabia river. However, it's noteworthy that this water source exhibits a salinity level of 1.6 g. L−1, along with a sodium ion content that exceeds both Mor...
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Desalination and Water Treatment |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398624000420 |
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| author | Noureddine Zouhri Fatima Zahra Addar Mustapha Tahaikt Mahacine Elamrani Azzedine ELmidaoui Mohamed Taky |
| author_facet | Noureddine Zouhri Fatima Zahra Addar Mustapha Tahaikt Mahacine Elamrani Azzedine ELmidaoui Mohamed Taky |
| author_sort | Noureddine Zouhri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: The drinking water supply in M′rirt, a quaint Moroccan mountain town nestled at an elevation of 1113 m, is sourced from the Oum Errabia river. However, it's noteworthy that this water source exhibits a salinity level of 1.6 g. L−1, along with a sodium ion content that exceeds both Moroccan and WHO standards. While aliments linked to sodium deficiency in humans are exceedingly rare, it's imperative to acknowledge that an excessive sodium intake can potentially lead to acute health issues as well as long-term effects. To reduce the Na+ concentration and enhance the overall salinity of M′rirt water supply, we undertook a technical and ecological comparison of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes, both of which are promising technologies. In this study, two RO membranes were employed: BW30LE4040 and TM710, a RO brackich water membranes, designed for seawater applications. The NF membrane chosen for the research is NF90 * 4040 which closely resembles a RO membrane. To explore and model the influence of various operational parameters namely transmembrane pressure (TMP), conversion rate (CR) and their interactions on critical factors such as demineralization rate (DR), permeate flux (PF) and energy consumption (EC), we have employed a Custom Design (CD) approach grounded in Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Our statistical analysis has revealed that all three models exhibit an extremely high level of significance, as evidenced by remarkably low probability values (p < 0.0001). The findings gleaned from this study underscore that TMP and TC wield a significant influence on PF across all three membranes. However, they do not manifest a pronounced effect on DR. Our study showed that increasing TMP leads to a remarkable increase in EC with a more pronounced amplification in higher ranges of TMP. At the same time, the reduction in the effect of CR is also associated with an increase in EC. Notably, the NF90 membrane emerged as the most efficient in terms of flow rates, exhibiting a physicochemical quality to that achieved by the two RO membranes. Moreover, our economic evaluation demonstrates that the cost per cubic meter produced using the NF90 * 4040 membrane is $0.43. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9325f6cee8dd4e42be9883b69881574f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1944-3986 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Desalination and Water Treatment |
| spelling | doaj-art-9325f6cee8dd4e42be9883b69881574f2025-08-20T03:04:54ZengElsevierDesalination and Water Treatment1944-39862024-01-0131710004210.1016/j.dwt.2024.100042Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco)Noureddine Zouhri0Fatima Zahra Addar1Mustapha Tahaikt2Mahacine Elamrani3Azzedine ELmidaoui4Mohamed Taky5Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 Morocco; Correspondence to: Laboratory of advanced materials and processes engineeringFaculty of sciencesIbn tofail universityKenitra Morocco.Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 MoroccoLaboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 MoroccoLaboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 MoroccoLaboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 MoroccoLaboratory of Advanced Materials & Processes Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P. O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000 Morocco; International Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150 MoroccoABSTRACT: The drinking water supply in M′rirt, a quaint Moroccan mountain town nestled at an elevation of 1113 m, is sourced from the Oum Errabia river. However, it's noteworthy that this water source exhibits a salinity level of 1.6 g. L−1, along with a sodium ion content that exceeds both Moroccan and WHO standards. While aliments linked to sodium deficiency in humans are exceedingly rare, it's imperative to acknowledge that an excessive sodium intake can potentially lead to acute health issues as well as long-term effects. To reduce the Na+ concentration and enhance the overall salinity of M′rirt water supply, we undertook a technical and ecological comparison of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes, both of which are promising technologies. In this study, two RO membranes were employed: BW30LE4040 and TM710, a RO brackich water membranes, designed for seawater applications. The NF membrane chosen for the research is NF90 * 4040 which closely resembles a RO membrane. To explore and model the influence of various operational parameters namely transmembrane pressure (TMP), conversion rate (CR) and their interactions on critical factors such as demineralization rate (DR), permeate flux (PF) and energy consumption (EC), we have employed a Custom Design (CD) approach grounded in Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Our statistical analysis has revealed that all three models exhibit an extremely high level of significance, as evidenced by remarkably low probability values (p < 0.0001). The findings gleaned from this study underscore that TMP and TC wield a significant influence on PF across all three membranes. However, they do not manifest a pronounced effect on DR. Our study showed that increasing TMP leads to a remarkable increase in EC with a more pronounced amplification in higher ranges of TMP. At the same time, the reduction in the effect of CR is also associated with an increase in EC. Notably, the NF90 membrane emerged as the most efficient in terms of flow rates, exhibiting a physicochemical quality to that achieved by the two RO membranes. Moreover, our economic evaluation demonstrates that the cost per cubic meter produced using the NF90 * 4040 membrane is $0.43.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398624000420NanofiltrationReverse OsmosisResponse surface methodologyCentral composite designEconomic analysisTransmembrane pressure |
| spellingShingle | Noureddine Zouhri Fatima Zahra Addar Mustapha Tahaikt Mahacine Elamrani Azzedine ELmidaoui Mohamed Taky Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) Desalination and Water Treatment Nanofiltration Reverse Osmosis Response surface methodology Central composite design Economic analysis Transmembrane pressure |
| title | Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) |
| title_full | Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) |
| title_fullStr | Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) |
| title_short | Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco) |
| title_sort | techno economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of m rirt water city morocco |
| topic | Nanofiltration Reverse Osmosis Response surface methodology Central composite design Economic analysis Transmembrane pressure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398624000420 |
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