Techno-economic study and optimization of the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in reducing the salinity of M′rirt water city (Morocco)
ABSTRACT: The drinking water supply in M′rirt, a quaint Moroccan mountain town nestled at an elevation of 1113 m, is sourced from the Oum Errabia river. However, it's noteworthy that this water source exhibits a salinity level of 1.6 g. L−1, along with a sodium ion content that exceeds both Mor...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Desalination and Water Treatment |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398624000420 |
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| Summary: | ABSTRACT: The drinking water supply in M′rirt, a quaint Moroccan mountain town nestled at an elevation of 1113 m, is sourced from the Oum Errabia river. However, it's noteworthy that this water source exhibits a salinity level of 1.6 g. L−1, along with a sodium ion content that exceeds both Moroccan and WHO standards. While aliments linked to sodium deficiency in humans are exceedingly rare, it's imperative to acknowledge that an excessive sodium intake can potentially lead to acute health issues as well as long-term effects. To reduce the Na+ concentration and enhance the overall salinity of M′rirt water supply, we undertook a technical and ecological comparison of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes, both of which are promising technologies. In this study, two RO membranes were employed: BW30LE4040 and TM710, a RO brackich water membranes, designed for seawater applications. The NF membrane chosen for the research is NF90 * 4040 which closely resembles a RO membrane. To explore and model the influence of various operational parameters namely transmembrane pressure (TMP), conversion rate (CR) and their interactions on critical factors such as demineralization rate (DR), permeate flux (PF) and energy consumption (EC), we have employed a Custom Design (CD) approach grounded in Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Our statistical analysis has revealed that all three models exhibit an extremely high level of significance, as evidenced by remarkably low probability values (p < 0.0001). The findings gleaned from this study underscore that TMP and TC wield a significant influence on PF across all three membranes. However, they do not manifest a pronounced effect on DR. Our study showed that increasing TMP leads to a remarkable increase in EC with a more pronounced amplification in higher ranges of TMP. At the same time, the reduction in the effect of CR is also associated with an increase in EC. Notably, the NF90 membrane emerged as the most efficient in terms of flow rates, exhibiting a physicochemical quality to that achieved by the two RO membranes. Moreover, our economic evaluation demonstrates that the cost per cubic meter produced using the NF90 * 4040 membrane is $0.43. |
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| ISSN: | 1944-3986 |