Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022
Abstract Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed ruminants, leading to significant economic losses. In 2022, Egypt faced a severe outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) caused by the A/Africa/G-IV variant. This study assessed the efficacy of loca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88906-4 |
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| author | Mohamed Samy Abousenna Heba A. Khafagy Amal Abd El Moneim Mohamed Sara E.A. El Sawy Fady Abd El Mohsen Shasha Darwish Mahmoud Darwish Nermeen G. Shafik |
| author_facet | Mohamed Samy Abousenna Heba A. Khafagy Amal Abd El Moneim Mohamed Sara E.A. El Sawy Fady Abd El Mohsen Shasha Darwish Mahmoud Darwish Nermeen G. Shafik |
| author_sort | Mohamed Samy Abousenna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed ruminants, leading to significant economic losses. In 2022, Egypt faced a severe outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) caused by the A/Africa/G-IV variant. This study assessed the efficacy of local and imported FMDV vaccines (A Iran-05 lineage) against this new variant using in vitro and in vivo methods. Sera from vaccinated calves showed inadequate cross-protection, with mean r1-values of 0.235 and 0.243 for local and imported vaccines, respectively. Challenge tests indicated low protection levels (20% and 40%) against A/Africa/G-IV compared with A/Iran/05. Current vaccines were deemed ineffective, prompting a formulation update incorporating the variant. The modified vaccine is now deployed in proactive vaccination efforts to address the evolving FMD outbreak. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-92f171e881674bbbb235e6589ce20a10 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-92f171e881674bbbb235e6589ce20a102025-02-09T12:34:10ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-011511610.1038/s41598-025-88906-4Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022Mohamed Samy Abousenna0Heba A. Khafagy1Amal Abd El Moneim Mohamed2Sara E.A. El Sawy3Fady Abd El Mohsen Shasha4Darwish Mahmoud Darwish5Nermeen G. Shafik6Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterCentral Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research CenterAbstract Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed ruminants, leading to significant economic losses. In 2022, Egypt faced a severe outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) caused by the A/Africa/G-IV variant. This study assessed the efficacy of local and imported FMDV vaccines (A Iran-05 lineage) against this new variant using in vitro and in vivo methods. Sera from vaccinated calves showed inadequate cross-protection, with mean r1-values of 0.235 and 0.243 for local and imported vaccines, respectively. Challenge tests indicated low protection levels (20% and 40%) against A/Africa/G-IV compared with A/Iran/05. Current vaccines were deemed ineffective, prompting a formulation update incorporating the variant. The modified vaccine is now deployed in proactive vaccination efforts to address the evolving FMD outbreak.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88906-4Foot-and-Mouth DiseaseFMDV vaccineVaccine matchingChallenge testVNTDisease outbreak |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Samy Abousenna Heba A. Khafagy Amal Abd El Moneim Mohamed Sara E.A. El Sawy Fady Abd El Mohsen Shasha Darwish Mahmoud Darwish Nermeen G. Shafik Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 Scientific Reports Foot-and-Mouth Disease FMDV vaccine Vaccine matching Challenge test VNT Disease outbreak |
| title | Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 |
| title_full | Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 |
| title_short | Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022 |
| title_sort | emergency response for recently isolated foot and mouth disease virus type a africa in egypt 2022 |
| topic | Foot-and-Mouth Disease FMDV vaccine Vaccine matching Challenge test VNT Disease outbreak |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88906-4 |
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