Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device

Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in individuals under the age of 5 years, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The lack of respiratory support systems contributes to the poor outcomes. Bubble CPAP is widely used for non-invasive respiratory support...

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Main Authors: Ibukun Sonaike, Robert M. DiBlasi, Jonathan Arthur Poli, Andrew Vamos, Ofer Yanay, Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Bioengineering
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/7/697
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author Ibukun Sonaike
Robert M. DiBlasi
Jonathan Arthur Poli
Andrew Vamos
Ofer Yanay
Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim
author_facet Ibukun Sonaike
Robert M. DiBlasi
Jonathan Arthur Poli
Andrew Vamos
Ofer Yanay
Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim
author_sort Ibukun Sonaike
collection DOAJ
description Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in individuals under the age of 5 years, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The lack of respiratory support systems contributes to the poor outcomes. Bubble CPAP is widely used for non-invasive respiratory support, but sicker children often require support over what CPAP provides in the form of BiPAP. We developed and tested a simple bubble-based bilevel ventilator (Bubble bi-vent) and compared it with a standard care BiPAP device. The bubble bilevel device consisted of a single tube submerged in a water-sealed column to maintain end-expiratory positive airway pressure. It moves vertically via an electric motor to also provide inspiratory positive airway pressure for augmentation of lung volumes, with the duration and frequency of breaths controlled by a microprocessor. We tested this novel device in passively breathing mechanical lung models for infants and small children. We compared pressure and tidal volume delivery between the novel device and a Trilogy BiPAP ventilator. The results showed that the Bubble bi-vent could deliver set pressures in a mechanical lung and was comparable to a standard Trilogy ventilator. While two different bubble-based bilevel pressure devices have been piloted for neonates and adults, our results demonstrate the feasibility of bubble bilevel ventilation for infants and small children with moderate to severe lung disease for whom this was previously not described.
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spelling doaj-art-92c4c8287e4847fdad104cea3bee07c12025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542025-06-0112769710.3390/bioengineering12070697Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation DeviceIbukun Sonaike0Robert M. DiBlasi1Jonathan Arthur Poli2Andrew Vamos3Ofer Yanay4Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim5Department of Pediatrics, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USACenter for Respiratory Biology and Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USACenter for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USAContinuous Improvement and Innovation, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USAAcute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in individuals under the age of 5 years, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The lack of respiratory support systems contributes to the poor outcomes. Bubble CPAP is widely used for non-invasive respiratory support, but sicker children often require support over what CPAP provides in the form of BiPAP. We developed and tested a simple bubble-based bilevel ventilator (Bubble bi-vent) and compared it with a standard care BiPAP device. The bubble bilevel device consisted of a single tube submerged in a water-sealed column to maintain end-expiratory positive airway pressure. It moves vertically via an electric motor to also provide inspiratory positive airway pressure for augmentation of lung volumes, with the duration and frequency of breaths controlled by a microprocessor. We tested this novel device in passively breathing mechanical lung models for infants and small children. We compared pressure and tidal volume delivery between the novel device and a Trilogy BiPAP ventilator. The results showed that the Bubble bi-vent could deliver set pressures in a mechanical lung and was comparable to a standard Trilogy ventilator. While two different bubble-based bilevel pressure devices have been piloted for neonates and adults, our results demonstrate the feasibility of bubble bilevel ventilation for infants and small children with moderate to severe lung disease for whom this was previously not described.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/7/697BiPAPbubble CPAPrespiratory supportventilatorpediatricslow- and middle-income countries
spellingShingle Ibukun Sonaike
Robert M. DiBlasi
Jonathan Arthur Poli
Andrew Vamos
Ofer Yanay
Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim
Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
Bioengineering
BiPAP
bubble CPAP
respiratory support
ventilator
pediatrics
low- and middle-income countries
title Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
title_full Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
title_fullStr Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
title_full_unstemmed Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
title_short Design and Bench Testing of a Novel, Pediatric, Non-Invasive, Bubble Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation Device
title_sort design and bench testing of a novel pediatric non invasive bubble bilevel positive pressure ventilation device
topic BiPAP
bubble CPAP
respiratory support
ventilator
pediatrics
low- and middle-income countries
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/7/697
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