Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings
The precise phase control of light is essential for advancing photonic devices. This study presents electrically tunable liquid–crystal (LC) surface-relief gratings (SRGs) comprising periodic SU-8 photoresist (PR) structures, showcasing notable electro-optical properties. The SRG comprises a periodi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Results in Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001913 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850136551472758784 |
|---|---|
| author | Pravinraj Selvaraj Chih-Wei Lin Yi-Xuan Liu Chi-Tang Huang Jie-Sin Jhong Ching-Cherng Sun Ko-Ting Cheng |
| author_facet | Pravinraj Selvaraj Chih-Wei Lin Yi-Xuan Liu Chi-Tang Huang Jie-Sin Jhong Ching-Cherng Sun Ko-Ting Cheng |
| author_sort | Pravinraj Selvaraj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The precise phase control of light is essential for advancing photonic devices. This study presents electrically tunable liquid–crystal (LC) surface-relief gratings (SRGs) comprising periodic SU-8 photoresist (PR) structures, showcasing notable electro-optical properties. The SRG comprises a periodicity of alternating PR-coated (Region B) and uncoated (Region A) regions. When a DC voltage is applied, Region A exhibits a transmittance shift upon exceeding a threshold voltage, with incomplete recovery when the voltage is reduced. This non-reversible behavior likely stems from ionic migration toward the electrodes, creating an internal electric field. Conversely, Region B acts as an effective shield, stabilizing the electric double layer and minimizing transmittance changes. However, AC stimuli restrict ionic mobility, with higher frequencies leading to increased threshold voltage, particularly in Region B. Analysis of the Stokes parameters further demonstrates that the grating facilitates voltage-controlled tuning of diffraction orders while maintaining polarization stability. By optimizing DC driving schemes, higher diffraction orders can be selectively enhanced, allowing for low-voltage operation and multi-order diffraction, which is crucial for wide-angle holographic displays. These findings lay the groundwork for a robust platform for dynamic light manipulation, paving the way for next-generation tunable photonic systems and advanced display technologies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-92b7b95d27ce4d7095b52079250c4d4c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2211-3797 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-92b7b95d27ce4d7095b52079250c4d4c2025-08-20T02:31:05ZengElsevierResults in Physics2211-37972025-07-017410829710.1016/j.rinp.2025.108297Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratingsPravinraj Selvaraj0Chih-Wei Lin1Yi-Xuan Liu2Chi-Tang Huang3Jie-Sin Jhong4Ching-Cherng Sun5Ko-Ting Cheng6Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanCorresponding author.; Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanThe precise phase control of light is essential for advancing photonic devices. This study presents electrically tunable liquid–crystal (LC) surface-relief gratings (SRGs) comprising periodic SU-8 photoresist (PR) structures, showcasing notable electro-optical properties. The SRG comprises a periodicity of alternating PR-coated (Region B) and uncoated (Region A) regions. When a DC voltage is applied, Region A exhibits a transmittance shift upon exceeding a threshold voltage, with incomplete recovery when the voltage is reduced. This non-reversible behavior likely stems from ionic migration toward the electrodes, creating an internal electric field. Conversely, Region B acts as an effective shield, stabilizing the electric double layer and minimizing transmittance changes. However, AC stimuli restrict ionic mobility, with higher frequencies leading to increased threshold voltage, particularly in Region B. Analysis of the Stokes parameters further demonstrates that the grating facilitates voltage-controlled tuning of diffraction orders while maintaining polarization stability. By optimizing DC driving schemes, higher diffraction orders can be selectively enhanced, allowing for low-voltage operation and multi-order diffraction, which is crucial for wide-angle holographic displays. These findings lay the groundwork for a robust platform for dynamic light manipulation, paving the way for next-generation tunable photonic systems and advanced display technologies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001913Liquid crystalSurface-relief gratingStokes parameterTunable diffraction gratingPhotoresist |
| spellingShingle | Pravinraj Selvaraj Chih-Wei Lin Yi-Xuan Liu Chi-Tang Huang Jie-Sin Jhong Ching-Cherng Sun Ko-Ting Cheng Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings Results in Physics Liquid crystal Surface-relief grating Stokes parameter Tunable diffraction grating Photoresist |
| title | Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings |
| title_full | Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings |
| title_short | Dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable Surface-Relief Liquid-Crystal gratings |
| title_sort | dynamic control of polarization and diffraction in tunable surface relief liquid crystal gratings |
| topic | Liquid crystal Surface-relief grating Stokes parameter Tunable diffraction grating Photoresist |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379725001913 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pravinrajselvaraj dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT chihweilin dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT yixuanliu dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT chitanghuang dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT jiesinjhong dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT chingcherngsun dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings AT kotingcheng dynamiccontrolofpolarizationanddiffractionintunablesurfacereliefliquidcrystalgratings |