Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security
The Hajj pilgrimage, one of the world's largest and most diverse mass gatherings, poses unique challenges for preventing infectious disease outbreaks. Vaccinations are vital in reducing the risk and spread of diseases during this event. This narrative review examines the impact of vaccination p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924001017 |
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| author | Anas A. Khan Bander S. Balkhi Fahad A. Alamri Ghadah S. Alsaleh Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq Hani Jokhdar |
| author_facet | Anas A. Khan Bander S. Balkhi Fahad A. Alamri Ghadah S. Alsaleh Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq Hani Jokhdar |
| author_sort | Anas A. Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Hajj pilgrimage, one of the world's largest and most diverse mass gatherings, poses unique challenges for preventing infectious disease outbreaks. Vaccinations are vital in reducing the risk and spread of diseases during this event. This narrative review examines the impact of vaccination programs on infectious disease mitigation during the Hajj and their broader implications for global health security (GHS). Mandatory vaccination protocols against Meningococcal Meningitis, Yellow Fever, Influenza, pneumococcal diseases, and COVID-19 have demonstrated significant success in controlling infection spread during Hajj. Furthermore, the integration of digital health passports or similar technologies offers the potential to enhance surveillance, streamline vaccination verification, and further minimize risks associated with mass gatherings. This study demonstrates the critical role of vaccination programs in protecting pilgrims. It also explores how technologies can be used to monitor pilgrim health status, enabling rapid identification and mitigation of potential outbreaks, thus contributing to GHS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-92b2794498404e3dad5b844cb4e687e6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1873-0442 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-92b2794498404e3dad5b844cb4e687e62025-08-20T02:35:36ZengElsevierTravel Medicine and Infectious Disease1873-04422025-01-016310278410.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102784Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health securityAnas A. Khan0Bander S. Balkhi1Fahad A. Alamri2Ghadah S. Alsaleh3Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq4Hani Jokhdar5Global Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Global Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaGlobal Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaInfectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Deputyship of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDeputyship of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThe Hajj pilgrimage, one of the world's largest and most diverse mass gatherings, poses unique challenges for preventing infectious disease outbreaks. Vaccinations are vital in reducing the risk and spread of diseases during this event. This narrative review examines the impact of vaccination programs on infectious disease mitigation during the Hajj and their broader implications for global health security (GHS). Mandatory vaccination protocols against Meningococcal Meningitis, Yellow Fever, Influenza, pneumococcal diseases, and COVID-19 have demonstrated significant success in controlling infection spread during Hajj. Furthermore, the integration of digital health passports or similar technologies offers the potential to enhance surveillance, streamline vaccination verification, and further minimize risks associated with mass gatherings. This study demonstrates the critical role of vaccination programs in protecting pilgrims. It also explores how technologies can be used to monitor pilgrim health status, enabling rapid identification and mitigation of potential outbreaks, thus contributing to GHS.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924001017Hajj pilgrimageMass gatheringsInfectious diseasesVaccinationGlobal health security |
| spellingShingle | Anas A. Khan Bander S. Balkhi Fahad A. Alamri Ghadah S. Alsaleh Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq Hani Jokhdar Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Hajj pilgrimage Mass gatherings Infectious diseases Vaccination Global health security |
| title | Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security |
| title_full | Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security |
| title_fullStr | Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security |
| title_short | Vaccinations for Hajj: Enhancing health and global health security |
| title_sort | vaccinations for hajj enhancing health and global health security |
| topic | Hajj pilgrimage Mass gatherings Infectious diseases Vaccination Global health security |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924001017 |
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