Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu
Abstract Background The need to belong is a fundamental human motivation that significantly influences individuals’ thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. However, in Pakistan, there is a lack of linguistically and culturally appropriate tools to assess this construct. The present study aimed to transla...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | BMC Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02982-9 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849237998868103168 |
|---|---|
| author | Fatima Javed Shirmeen Ijaz Muhammad Nasar Iqbal |
| author_facet | Fatima Javed Shirmeen Ijaz Muhammad Nasar Iqbal |
| author_sort | Fatima Javed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The need to belong is a fundamental human motivation that significantly influences individuals’ thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. However, in Pakistan, there is a lack of linguistically and culturally appropriate tools to assess this construct. The present study aimed to translate the need to belong scale into the Urdu language and examine its psychometric properties. Methodology The present study was conducted in two phases. Phase I involved the translation of the scale using MAPI guidelines, while Phase II focused on validating the translated version. A cross-sectional research design and convenience sampling technique were used to recruit a sample of 300 participants (Male = 150, Female = 150). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to validate the factor structure of the Urdu version. Psychometric properties were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha reliability and assessments of correlation with other variables. Results The scale demonstrated excellent reliability and validity, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. Fit indices also supported the model’s adequacy (Goodness of Fit Index = 0.96, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.90, Comparative Fit Index = 0.99, Normed Fit Index = 0.96, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06). The Urdu version of the need to belong scale showed a significant positive correlation with psychological distress and a significant negative correlation with life satisfaction. Conclusion These findings suggest that the Urdu-translated scale is a reliable and valid instrument, enabling culturally relevant research and mental health assessment among Urdu-speaking populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-929bf6fbccb64e8e99a8e245288d55ce |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2050-7283 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-929bf6fbccb64e8e99a8e245288d55ce2025-08-20T04:01:47ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832025-07-011311910.1186/s40359-025-02982-9Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in UrduFatima Javed0Shirmeen Ijaz1Muhammad Nasar Iqbal2Lahore School of Behavioural Sciences, The University of LahoreDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Superior University LahoreLahore School of Behavioural Sciences, The University of LahoreAbstract Background The need to belong is a fundamental human motivation that significantly influences individuals’ thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. However, in Pakistan, there is a lack of linguistically and culturally appropriate tools to assess this construct. The present study aimed to translate the need to belong scale into the Urdu language and examine its psychometric properties. Methodology The present study was conducted in two phases. Phase I involved the translation of the scale using MAPI guidelines, while Phase II focused on validating the translated version. A cross-sectional research design and convenience sampling technique were used to recruit a sample of 300 participants (Male = 150, Female = 150). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to validate the factor structure of the Urdu version. Psychometric properties were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha reliability and assessments of correlation with other variables. Results The scale demonstrated excellent reliability and validity, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. Fit indices also supported the model’s adequacy (Goodness of Fit Index = 0.96, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.90, Comparative Fit Index = 0.99, Normed Fit Index = 0.96, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06). The Urdu version of the need to belong scale showed a significant positive correlation with psychological distress and a significant negative correlation with life satisfaction. Conclusion These findings suggest that the Urdu-translated scale is a reliable and valid instrument, enabling culturally relevant research and mental health assessment among Urdu-speaking populations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02982-9CFAScale validationUrdu translationPsychological assessmentNeed to belong |
| spellingShingle | Fatima Javed Shirmeen Ijaz Muhammad Nasar Iqbal Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu BMC Psychology CFA Scale validation Urdu translation Psychological assessment Need to belong |
| title | Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu |
| title_full | Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu |
| title_fullStr | Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu |
| title_short | Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu |
| title_sort | translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in urdu |
| topic | CFA Scale validation Urdu translation Psychological assessment Need to belong |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02982-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fatimajaved translationandpsychometricvalidationoftheneedtobelongscaleinurdu AT shirmeenijaz translationandpsychometricvalidationoftheneedtobelongscaleinurdu AT muhammadnasariqbal translationandpsychometricvalidationoftheneedtobelongscaleinurdu |