The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury
Abstract Background Biomaterials have been extensively utilized in the field of tissue regeneration and repair. The objective of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of ECM-G@bFGF in the repair of sciatic nerve injuries. Methods The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the sciatic nerve was ex...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-025-01015-y |
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| author | Yijia Zhang Gaobao Zhuo Fangzheng Yu Xiaodan Xu Zejing Ruan Xinyu Hu Jian Wang Junyi Zhu |
| author_facet | Yijia Zhang Gaobao Zhuo Fangzheng Yu Xiaodan Xu Zejing Ruan Xinyu Hu Jian Wang Junyi Zhu |
| author_sort | Yijia Zhang |
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| description | Abstract Background Biomaterials have been extensively utilized in the field of tissue regeneration and repair. The objective of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of ECM-G@bFGF in the repair of sciatic nerve injuries. Methods The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the sciatic nerve was extracted using an acellularization technique. Functionalized ECM-G@bFGF was prepared by cross-linking a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and genipin(G) into the ECM scaffold. The physicochemical characteristics, biocompatibility, and sustained-release properties of ECM-G@bFGF were systematically evaluated. Additionally, in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of ECM-G@bFGF in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. Results The results demonstrated that the thread-like spatial structure of the sciatic nerve was preserved within the extracellular matrix (ECM) after decellularization. The mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and Genipin was evenly distributed throughout the ECM. The ECM-G@bFGF exhibited excellent swelling properties, favorable biocompatibility, and no significant cytotoxicity. Through the cross-linking effect of Genipin, the degradation rate of the ECM was effectively reduced, and the release duration of bFGF was significantly prolonged. In vivo experimental results further indicated that ECM-G@bFGF could promote faster regeneration of nerve axons, mitigate gastrocnemius denervation-induced atrophy, restore sciatic nerve conduction function, and enhance the recovery of hind limb functionality. Conclusion The experimental results regarding the slow release of growth factors from ECM-G@bFGF demonstrated that ECM derived from different tissues could facilitate the release of growth factors from various sources via Genipin cross-linking. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9294db6520c741c5b79dd223323e691b |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9294db6520c741c5b79dd223323e691b2025-08-20T03:46:28ZengBMCBMC Biotechnology1472-67502025-07-0125111110.1186/s12896-025-01015-yThe role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injuryYijia Zhang0Gaobao Zhuo1Fangzheng Yu2Xiaodan Xu3Zejing Ruan4Xinyu Hu5Jian Wang6Junyi Zhu7Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityOujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Biomaterials have been extensively utilized in the field of tissue regeneration and repair. The objective of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of ECM-G@bFGF in the repair of sciatic nerve injuries. Methods The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the sciatic nerve was extracted using an acellularization technique. Functionalized ECM-G@bFGF was prepared by cross-linking a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and genipin(G) into the ECM scaffold. The physicochemical characteristics, biocompatibility, and sustained-release properties of ECM-G@bFGF were systematically evaluated. Additionally, in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of ECM-G@bFGF in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. Results The results demonstrated that the thread-like spatial structure of the sciatic nerve was preserved within the extracellular matrix (ECM) after decellularization. The mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and Genipin was evenly distributed throughout the ECM. The ECM-G@bFGF exhibited excellent swelling properties, favorable biocompatibility, and no significant cytotoxicity. Through the cross-linking effect of Genipin, the degradation rate of the ECM was effectively reduced, and the release duration of bFGF was significantly prolonged. In vivo experimental results further indicated that ECM-G@bFGF could promote faster regeneration of nerve axons, mitigate gastrocnemius denervation-induced atrophy, restore sciatic nerve conduction function, and enhance the recovery of hind limb functionality. Conclusion The experimental results regarding the slow release of growth factors from ECM-G@bFGF demonstrated that ECM derived from different tissues could facilitate the release of growth factors from various sources via Genipin cross-linking.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-025-01015-yExtracellular matrixBasic fibroblast growth factorGenipinNerve regeneration |
| spellingShingle | Yijia Zhang Gaobao Zhuo Fangzheng Yu Xiaodan Xu Zejing Ruan Xinyu Hu Jian Wang Junyi Zhu The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury BMC Biotechnology Extracellular matrix Basic fibroblast growth factor Genipin Nerve regeneration |
| title | The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| title_full | The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| title_fullStr | The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| title_short | The role of Genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bFGF in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| title_sort | role of genipin crosslinked extracellular matrix loaded bfgf in the repair of peripheral nerve injury |
| topic | Extracellular matrix Basic fibroblast growth factor Genipin Nerve regeneration |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-025-01015-y |
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