Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation

Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia with strong genetic components, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets remain incompletely understood. We conducted a cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis of 168,007 AF cases and identified 525...

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Main Authors: Shuai Yuan, Jie Chen, Xixin Ruan, Yuying Li, Sarah A. Abramowitz, Lijuan Wang, Fangyuan Jiang, Ying Xiong, Michael G. Levin, Benjamin F. Voight, Dipender Gill, Stephen Burgess, Agneta Åkesson, Karl Michaëlsson, Xue Li, Scott M. Damrauer, Susanna C. Larsson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61720-2
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author Shuai Yuan
Jie Chen
Xixin Ruan
Yuying Li
Sarah A. Abramowitz
Lijuan Wang
Fangyuan Jiang
Ying Xiong
Michael G. Levin
Benjamin F. Voight
Dipender Gill
Stephen Burgess
Agneta Åkesson
Karl Michaëlsson
Xue Li
Scott M. Damrauer
Susanna C. Larsson
author_facet Shuai Yuan
Jie Chen
Xixin Ruan
Yuying Li
Sarah A. Abramowitz
Lijuan Wang
Fangyuan Jiang
Ying Xiong
Michael G. Levin
Benjamin F. Voight
Dipender Gill
Stephen Burgess
Agneta Åkesson
Karl Michaëlsson
Xue Li
Scott M. Damrauer
Susanna C. Larsson
author_sort Shuai Yuan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia with strong genetic components, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets remain incompletely understood. We conducted a cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis of 168,007 AF cases and identified 525 loci that met genome-wide significance. Two loci of PITX2 and ZFHX3 genes were identified as shared across populations of different ancestries. Comprehensive gene prioritization approaches reinforced the role of muscle development and heart contraction while also uncovering additional pathways, including cellular response to transforming growth factor-beta. Population-specific genetic correlations uncovered common and unique circulatory comorbidities between Europeans and Africans. Mendelian randomization identified modifiable risk factors and circulating proteins, informing disease prevention and drug development. Integrating genomic data from this cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis with proteomic profiling significantly enhanced AF risk prediction. This study advances our understanding of the genetic etiology of AF while also enhancing risk prediction, prevention strategies, and therapeutic development.
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spelling doaj-art-9282d775296f45a3bf19ae59eade2cc82025-08-20T03:43:14ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111310.1038/s41467-025-61720-2Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillationShuai Yuan0Jie Chen1Xixin Ruan2Yuying Li3Sarah A. Abramowitz4Lijuan Wang5Fangyuan Jiang6Ying Xiong7Michael G. Levin8Benjamin F. Voight9Dipender Gill10Stephen Burgess11Agneta Åkesson12Karl Michaëlsson13Xue Li14Scott M. Damrauer15Susanna C. Larsson16Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicineDepartment of Gastroenterology, Central South University Third Xiangya HospitalDepartment of Gastroenterology, Central South University Third Xiangya HospitalDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicineSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of MedicineSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska InstitutetCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical CenterCorporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical CenterDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College LondonMRC Biostatistics Unit, University of CambridgeUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental MedicineMedical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala UniversitySchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of MedicineDepartment of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicineUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental MedicineAbstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia with strong genetic components, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets remain incompletely understood. We conducted a cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis of 168,007 AF cases and identified 525 loci that met genome-wide significance. Two loci of PITX2 and ZFHX3 genes were identified as shared across populations of different ancestries. Comprehensive gene prioritization approaches reinforced the role of muscle development and heart contraction while also uncovering additional pathways, including cellular response to transforming growth factor-beta. Population-specific genetic correlations uncovered common and unique circulatory comorbidities between Europeans and Africans. Mendelian randomization identified modifiable risk factors and circulating proteins, informing disease prevention and drug development. Integrating genomic data from this cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis with proteomic profiling significantly enhanced AF risk prediction. This study advances our understanding of the genetic etiology of AF while also enhancing risk prediction, prevention strategies, and therapeutic development.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61720-2
spellingShingle Shuai Yuan
Jie Chen
Xixin Ruan
Yuying Li
Sarah A. Abramowitz
Lijuan Wang
Fangyuan Jiang
Ying Xiong
Michael G. Levin
Benjamin F. Voight
Dipender Gill
Stephen Burgess
Agneta Åkesson
Karl Michaëlsson
Xue Li
Scott M. Damrauer
Susanna C. Larsson
Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
Nature Communications
title Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
title_full Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
title_fullStr Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
title_full_unstemmed Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
title_short Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
title_sort cross population gwas and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61720-2
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