Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Abstract Background Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 has demonstrated promise in alleviating gut microbiota disturbances and metabolic regulation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus models. However, the effect of probiotic B. longum BL21 on overweight and obese ind...

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Main Authors: Xiaoya Wang, Zefeng Xing, Rui Wang, Guoming Zhang, Guodong Liu, Zhen Li, Lixiang Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Nutrition & Metabolism
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00969-2
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author Xiaoya Wang
Zefeng Xing
Rui Wang
Guoming Zhang
Guodong Liu
Zhen Li
Lixiang Li
author_facet Xiaoya Wang
Zefeng Xing
Rui Wang
Guoming Zhang
Guodong Liu
Zhen Li
Lixiang Li
author_sort Xiaoya Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 has demonstrated promise in alleviating gut microbiota disturbances and metabolic regulation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus models. However, the effect of probiotic B. longum BL21 on overweight and obese individuals remain unclear. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed, and 66 adult individuals were assigned to receive either BL 21 (2*1010 colony-forming units per day along with 3 g of maltodextrin) or placebo (3 g of maltodextrin daily) for 8 weeks. Multi-omics analyses were employed to evaluate the impact of the B. longum strain BL21 on gut microbiota, serum metabolomics, body weight and lipids profiles in overweight and obese participants. Results Following the intervention, both the BL21 group (1.22 ± 2.78, P = 0.02) and placebo group (0.98 ± 2.06, P = 0.01) demonstrated significant body weight reductions, with no statistically significant intergroup difference observed (P = 0.81). Notably, only the BL21 group exhibited a significant reduction in triglyceride levels compared to baseline (0.21 ± 1.09, P = 0.04). Microbiota analysis indicated that BL21 intervention significantly changed the β-diversity at week 8 compared with placebo group. The genera of Parasutterella, Parabacteroides, Blautia, Dorea, Butyricicoccus enriched in BL21 group. Metabolomics results indicated that sphingolipid metabolism, biotin metabolism and protein digestion and absorption were the top altered pathway in BL21 group compared with placebo group after intervention. Conclusion B. longum subsp. longum BL21 may be a beneficial candidate to modulate the gut microbiota and triglyceride metabolism of overweight and obese individuals. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number: NCT06140641. Date of registration: November 17, 2023.
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spelling doaj-art-927b4ba276dc4b4ca32673b27cd034f92025-08-20T03:45:52ZengBMCNutrition & Metabolism1743-70752025-07-0122111110.1186/s12986-025-00969-2Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studyXiaoya Wang0Zefeng Xing1Rui Wang2Guoming Zhang3Guodong Liu4Zhen Li5Lixiang Li6Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central HospitalDepartment of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityAbstract Background Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 has demonstrated promise in alleviating gut microbiota disturbances and metabolic regulation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus models. However, the effect of probiotic B. longum BL21 on overweight and obese individuals remain unclear. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed, and 66 adult individuals were assigned to receive either BL 21 (2*1010 colony-forming units per day along with 3 g of maltodextrin) or placebo (3 g of maltodextrin daily) for 8 weeks. Multi-omics analyses were employed to evaluate the impact of the B. longum strain BL21 on gut microbiota, serum metabolomics, body weight and lipids profiles in overweight and obese participants. Results Following the intervention, both the BL21 group (1.22 ± 2.78, P = 0.02) and placebo group (0.98 ± 2.06, P = 0.01) demonstrated significant body weight reductions, with no statistically significant intergroup difference observed (P = 0.81). Notably, only the BL21 group exhibited a significant reduction in triglyceride levels compared to baseline (0.21 ± 1.09, P = 0.04). Microbiota analysis indicated that BL21 intervention significantly changed the β-diversity at week 8 compared with placebo group. The genera of Parasutterella, Parabacteroides, Blautia, Dorea, Butyricicoccus enriched in BL21 group. Metabolomics results indicated that sphingolipid metabolism, biotin metabolism and protein digestion and absorption were the top altered pathway in BL21 group compared with placebo group after intervention. Conclusion B. longum subsp. longum BL21 may be a beneficial candidate to modulate the gut microbiota and triglyceride metabolism of overweight and obese individuals. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number: NCT06140641. Date of registration: November 17, 2023.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00969-2B. Longum subsp. LongumMicrobiotaMetabolomeOverweightObese
spellingShingle Xiaoya Wang
Zefeng Xing
Rui Wang
Guoming Zhang
Guodong Liu
Zhen Li
Lixiang Li
Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Nutrition & Metabolism
B. Longum subsp. Longum
Microbiota
Metabolome
Overweight
Obese
title Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
title_full Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
title_fullStr Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
title_full_unstemmed Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
title_short Multi-omics analyses the effect of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
title_sort multi omics analyses the effect of bifidobacterium longum subsp longum bl21 supplementation on overweight and obese subjects a randomized double blind placebo controlled study
topic B. Longum subsp. Longum
Microbiota
Metabolome
Overweight
Obese
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00969-2
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