Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres

Abstract Background Craniometric data can be useful in the estimation of sex, age, stature, and ethnicity. Despite Nigeria’s diverse and multifaceted demography, there is a dearth of information on detailed morphometry of specific features of the Nigerian cranium. This study sought to provide detail...

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Main Authors: Omowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu, Olumayowa Olawumi Igado, Kehinde Oluwaseyi Adeniji
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00411-8
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author Omowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu
Olumayowa Olawumi Igado
Kehinde Oluwaseyi Adeniji
author_facet Omowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu
Olumayowa Olawumi Igado
Kehinde Oluwaseyi Adeniji
author_sort Omowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Craniometric data can be useful in the estimation of sex, age, stature, and ethnicity. Despite Nigeria’s diverse and multifaceted demography, there is a dearth of information on detailed morphometry of specific features of the Nigerian cranium. This study sought to provide detailed descriptions of various dimensions on the Nigerian mandibular bone, nose, foramen magnum, and orbit for use in clinico-anatomical studies, dentistry, anthropology, and forensic medicine. Using 33 skulls and 17 mandibles, without gender bias, obtained from the departmental museum, 17 parameters were measured linearly on each mandible and thirty-six parameters on each skull using a digital Vernier calliper. Mean and standard deviation of data sets generated were analysed using t-test at p < 0.05. Results The distance between the cranial and caudal angles of the mandible was 3.48 ± 0.21 mm. The distance from the rostral point of the dental bone to the condylar, coronoid, and angular processes was 4.86 ± 0.25 mm, 2.64 ± 0.52 mm, and 3.72 ± 0.30 mm, respectively. The distance between the most medial points of the most rostral left & right mental foramina in the skulls was 4.51 ± 0.17 mm. The distance between the most medial points of the most rostral left & right mental foramina in the skulls was 4.51 ± 0.17 mm. Most orbit skull types were megaseme in nearly 61%, and orbital asymmetry was also observed. However, the right orbit (26.07 ± 2.106) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than left orbit (24.80 ± 1.850). The most common shape of the foramen magnum was the oval-like foramen (78%). The common nose types were platyrrhine in 50% and mesorrhine in 26%. Conclusion Insights from this study might provide practical reference information for mandibular and orbital reconstructive surgeries in clinical settings, skull classification in forensic science, and research purposes.
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spelling doaj-art-92744818da6d48ea83c694e6be4371e32025-08-20T01:56:46ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Basic and Applied Zoology2090-990X2024-12-0185111310.1186/s41936-024-00411-8Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvresOmowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu0Olumayowa Olawumi Igado1Kehinde Oluwaseyi Adeniji2Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of IbadanDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of IbadanDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of IbadanAbstract Background Craniometric data can be useful in the estimation of sex, age, stature, and ethnicity. Despite Nigeria’s diverse and multifaceted demography, there is a dearth of information on detailed morphometry of specific features of the Nigerian cranium. This study sought to provide detailed descriptions of various dimensions on the Nigerian mandibular bone, nose, foramen magnum, and orbit for use in clinico-anatomical studies, dentistry, anthropology, and forensic medicine. Using 33 skulls and 17 mandibles, without gender bias, obtained from the departmental museum, 17 parameters were measured linearly on each mandible and thirty-six parameters on each skull using a digital Vernier calliper. Mean and standard deviation of data sets generated were analysed using t-test at p < 0.05. Results The distance between the cranial and caudal angles of the mandible was 3.48 ± 0.21 mm. The distance from the rostral point of the dental bone to the condylar, coronoid, and angular processes was 4.86 ± 0.25 mm, 2.64 ± 0.52 mm, and 3.72 ± 0.30 mm, respectively. The distance between the most medial points of the most rostral left & right mental foramina in the skulls was 4.51 ± 0.17 mm. The distance between the most medial points of the most rostral left & right mental foramina in the skulls was 4.51 ± 0.17 mm. Most orbit skull types were megaseme in nearly 61%, and orbital asymmetry was also observed. However, the right orbit (26.07 ± 2.106) was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than left orbit (24.80 ± 1.850). The most common shape of the foramen magnum was the oval-like foramen (78%). The common nose types were platyrrhine in 50% and mesorrhine in 26%. Conclusion Insights from this study might provide practical reference information for mandibular and orbital reconstructive surgeries in clinical settings, skull classification in forensic science, and research purposes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00411-8MandibleHuman orbitForamen magnumNasal indexNigerianDentistry
spellingShingle Omowumi Moromoke Femi-Akinlosotu
Olumayowa Olawumi Igado
Kehinde Oluwaseyi Adeniji
Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
Mandible
Human orbit
Foramen magnum
Nasal index
Nigerian
Dentistry
title Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
title_full Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
title_fullStr Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
title_full_unstemmed Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
title_short Morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from Southwestern Nigeria: implications in clinical manoeuvres
title_sort morphometrics of human skulls and mandibles obtained from southwestern nigeria implications in clinical manoeuvres
topic Mandible
Human orbit
Foramen magnum
Nasal index
Nigerian
Dentistry
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00411-8
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AT kehindeoluwaseyiadeniji morphometricsofhumanskullsandmandiblesobtainedfromsouthwesternnigeriaimplicationsinclinicalmanoeuvres