Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes
The quality of potted ornamental plants depends on their architecture, which should be compact and branched. Among the techniques for controlling this architecture, LED lighting, by manipulating light quality, offers an effective means of regulating elongation and branching. In rose, the addition of...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Laurent Crespel Camille Le Bras Bénédicte Dubuc Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia Esther Carrera Aurélia Rolland Rémi Gardet Soulaiman Sakr |
| author_facet | Laurent Crespel Camille Le Bras Bénédicte Dubuc Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia Esther Carrera Aurélia Rolland Rémi Gardet Soulaiman Sakr |
| author_sort | Laurent Crespel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The quality of potted ornamental plants depends on their architecture, which should be compact and branched. Among the techniques for controlling this architecture, LED lighting, by manipulating light quality, offers an effective means of regulating elongation and branching. In rose, the addition of far-red (FR) light stimulated branching but induced excessive stem elongation, i.e., internode elongation. However, some varieties remained insensitive to this effect, demonstrating phenotypic stability. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of internode elongation in response to FR in two rose cultivars, ‘The Fairy’ (TF) and Knock Out<sup>®</sup> Radrazz (KO), selected for their respective architectural plasticity and stability to FR. In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA). In contrast, in KO, exposure to FR did not induce internode elongation but caused cell elongation. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in cell number, modulated by hormonal changes (particularly GA4 and JA) and the inhibition of <i>Block of cell proliferation 1</i>, thereby limiting cell division. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying architectural stability might lead to developing strategies to produce compact, branched plants, regardless of environmental conditions. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-920517ffb98f49f7b1e0666b4e23012f2025-08-20T02:09:11ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-04-01147111510.3390/plants14071115Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose GenotypesLaurent Crespel0Camille Le Bras1Bénédicte Dubuc2Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia3Esther Carrera4Aurélia Rolland5Rémi Gardet6Soulaiman Sakr7Institut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstitut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstitut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstitut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, SpainUniversity Angers, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstitut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceInstitut Agro, University Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, 49000 Angers, FranceThe quality of potted ornamental plants depends on their architecture, which should be compact and branched. Among the techniques for controlling this architecture, LED lighting, by manipulating light quality, offers an effective means of regulating elongation and branching. In rose, the addition of far-red (FR) light stimulated branching but induced excessive stem elongation, i.e., internode elongation. However, some varieties remained insensitive to this effect, demonstrating phenotypic stability. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of internode elongation in response to FR in two rose cultivars, ‘The Fairy’ (TF) and Knock Out<sup>®</sup> Radrazz (KO), selected for their respective architectural plasticity and stability to FR. In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA). In contrast, in KO, exposure to FR did not induce internode elongation but caused cell elongation. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in cell number, modulated by hormonal changes (particularly GA4 and JA) and the inhibition of <i>Block of cell proliferation 1</i>, thereby limiting cell division. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying architectural stability might lead to developing strategies to produce compact, branched plants, regardless of environmental conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1115far-redcell divisioncell elongationgibberellinjasmonic acidphenotypic stability |
| spellingShingle | Laurent Crespel Camille Le Bras Bénédicte Dubuc Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia Esther Carrera Aurélia Rolland Rémi Gardet Soulaiman Sakr Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes Plants far-red cell division cell elongation gibberellin jasmonic acid phenotypic stability |
| title | Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes |
| title_full | Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes |
| title_fullStr | Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes |
| title_short | Divergent Mechanisms of Internode Elongation in Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes |
| title_sort | divergent mechanisms of internode elongation in response to far red in two rose genotypes |
| topic | far-red cell division cell elongation gibberellin jasmonic acid phenotypic stability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1115 |
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