Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method

Experimentable Digital Twins are capable of combining different simulation domains on a system level. This has been shown for a multitude of simulation domains, e.g., rigid body dynamics, control, sensors, kinematics, etc., and application scenarios, e.g., automotive, space, and industrial engineeri...

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Main Authors: Sebastian Schmid, Dorit Kaufmann, Ulrich Dahmen, Finn Eggers, Ioannis Valais, Kai-Uwe Schröder, Jürgen Roßmann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Applied Mechanics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/8
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author Sebastian Schmid
Dorit Kaufmann
Ulrich Dahmen
Finn Eggers
Ioannis Valais
Kai-Uwe Schröder
Jürgen Roßmann
author_facet Sebastian Schmid
Dorit Kaufmann
Ulrich Dahmen
Finn Eggers
Ioannis Valais
Kai-Uwe Schröder
Jürgen Roßmann
author_sort Sebastian Schmid
collection DOAJ
description Experimentable Digital Twins are capable of combining different simulation domains on a system level. This has been shown for a multitude of simulation domains, e.g., rigid body dynamics, control, sensors, kinematics, etc., and application scenarios, e.g., automotive, space, and industrial engineering. In our work, we investigate how to include structural loads into an Experimentable Digital Twin while maintaining computational efficiency and interoperability on a system level. We combine rigid body dynamics with the transfer matrix method to simulate forces and stresses. We show our approach for statically determinate beam structures in a simulation on a system level and validate it experimentally and numerically with static and dynamic example problems. The results show a strong agreement in these comparisons, confirming the accuracy and reliability of our method. For practical applications, we see force and stress simulation using the transfer matrix method as an additional tool to facilitate simulation-based engineering in the early stages of structural design processes, e.g., when dealing with uncertain loading conditions and operational complexity on a system level.
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series Applied Mechanics
spelling doaj-art-91d2e512cd8c48b5a50a64ffee45210f2025-08-20T02:11:08ZengMDPI AGApplied Mechanics2673-31612025-01-0161810.3390/applmech6010008Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix MethodSebastian Schmid0Dorit Kaufmann1Ulrich Dahmen2Finn Eggers3Ioannis Valais4Kai-Uwe Schröder5Jürgen Roßmann6Institute of Structural Mechanics and Lightweight Design (SLA), RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, GermanyInstitute for Man-Machine Interaction (MMI), RWTH Aachen University, Im Süsterfeld 9, 52072 Aachen, GermanyInstitute for Man-Machine Interaction (MMI), RWTH Aachen University, Im Süsterfeld 9, 52072 Aachen, GermanyInstitute of Structural Mechanics and Lightweight Design (SLA), RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, GermanyInstitute of Structural Mechanics and Lightweight Design (SLA), RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, GermanyInstitute of Structural Mechanics and Lightweight Design (SLA), RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 7, 52062 Aachen, GermanyInstitute for Man-Machine Interaction (MMI), RWTH Aachen University, Im Süsterfeld 9, 52072 Aachen, GermanyExperimentable Digital Twins are capable of combining different simulation domains on a system level. This has been shown for a multitude of simulation domains, e.g., rigid body dynamics, control, sensors, kinematics, etc., and application scenarios, e.g., automotive, space, and industrial engineering. In our work, we investigate how to include structural loads into an Experimentable Digital Twin while maintaining computational efficiency and interoperability on a system level. We combine rigid body dynamics with the transfer matrix method to simulate forces and stresses. We show our approach for statically determinate beam structures in a simulation on a system level and validate it experimentally and numerically with static and dynamic example problems. The results show a strong agreement in these comparisons, confirming the accuracy and reliability of our method. For practical applications, we see force and stress simulation using the transfer matrix method as an additional tool to facilitate simulation-based engineering in the early stages of structural design processes, e.g., when dealing with uncertain loading conditions and operational complexity on a system level.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/8digital twinsstructural analysistransfer matrix methodrigid body dynamicssimulation-based engineeringexperimentable digital twins
spellingShingle Sebastian Schmid
Dorit Kaufmann
Ulrich Dahmen
Finn Eggers
Ioannis Valais
Kai-Uwe Schröder
Jürgen Roßmann
Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
Applied Mechanics
digital twins
structural analysis
transfer matrix method
rigid body dynamics
simulation-based engineering
experimentable digital twins
title Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
title_full Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
title_fullStr Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
title_full_unstemmed Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
title_short Force and Stress Simulation in Experimentable Digital Twins Using the Transfer Matrix Method
title_sort force and stress simulation in experimentable digital twins using the transfer matrix method
topic digital twins
structural analysis
transfer matrix method
rigid body dynamics
simulation-based engineering
experimentable digital twins
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/6/1/8
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