Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation
Macrophages, as essential components of the immune system, play pivotal roles in regulating neuroimmune interactions. These cells exist in two primary forms: tissue-resident macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), each exhibiting distinct functions in neuroimmune responses. Tissue-resid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1573174/full |
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| author | Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Kai Yang Kai Yang Kai Yang |
| author_facet | Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Kai Yang Kai Yang Kai Yang |
| author_sort | Hairong Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Macrophages, as essential components of the immune system, play pivotal roles in regulating neuroimmune interactions. These cells exist in two primary forms: tissue-resident macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), each exhibiting distinct functions in neuroimmune responses. Tissue-resident macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis and act as the first line of defense against pathogens, while MDMs are recruited during inflammation, performing both phagocytic and immunomodulatory functions. Despite the recognized roles of these macrophage populations in systemic immunity, their specific contributions to neuroimmune regulation remain poorly understood. This review aims to elucidate the differential roles of tissue-resident macrophages and MDMs in the neuroimmune pathway. We explore their mechanisms of activation, interaction with other immune cells, and involvement in inflammatory processes within the central nervous system (CNS). By identifying the distinct and overlapping functions of these macrophage populations, this review may provide novel insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating neuroimmune responses, particularly in the context of neuroinflammatory disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91c874c3e5b145238f735b39c37f4106 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-91c874c3e5b145238f735b39c37f41062025-08-20T03:31:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-06-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15731741573174Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulationHairong Xiao0Hairong Xiao1Hairong Xiao2Kai Yang3Kai Yang4Kai Yang5Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaInstitute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaInstitute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, ChinaMacrophages, as essential components of the immune system, play pivotal roles in regulating neuroimmune interactions. These cells exist in two primary forms: tissue-resident macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), each exhibiting distinct functions in neuroimmune responses. Tissue-resident macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis and act as the first line of defense against pathogens, while MDMs are recruited during inflammation, performing both phagocytic and immunomodulatory functions. Despite the recognized roles of these macrophage populations in systemic immunity, their specific contributions to neuroimmune regulation remain poorly understood. This review aims to elucidate the differential roles of tissue-resident macrophages and MDMs in the neuroimmune pathway. We explore their mechanisms of activation, interaction with other immune cells, and involvement in inflammatory processes within the central nervous system (CNS). By identifying the distinct and overlapping functions of these macrophage populations, this review may provide novel insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating neuroimmune responses, particularly in the context of neuroinflammatory disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1573174/fullmacrophagesneuroimmuneMDMCNStissue-resident macrophages |
| spellingShingle | Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Hairong Xiao Kai Yang Kai Yang Kai Yang Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation Frontiers in Immunology macrophages neuroimmune MDM CNS tissue-resident macrophages |
| title | Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| title_full | Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| title_fullStr | Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| title_short | Role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| title_sort | role of macrophages in neuroimmune regulation |
| topic | macrophages neuroimmune MDM CNS tissue-resident macrophages |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1573174/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hairongxiao roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation AT hairongxiao roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation AT hairongxiao roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation AT kaiyang roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation AT kaiyang roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation AT kaiyang roleofmacrophagesinneuroimmuneregulation |