Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract
In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted procedure for the extraction of mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLPs) was investigated using response surface methodology with a 29-run Box–Behnken design. Four factors were investigated, and it was found that the factors influencing the process, in order of sign...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/8/1747 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850143463558873088 |
|---|---|
| author | Teng Wang Xiaolin Zou Hong Zhang Jiwen Li Xiaoming Peng Ruijun Ju Zhaojun Jia Zhenguo Wen Cuiqing Li |
| author_facet | Teng Wang Xiaolin Zou Hong Zhang Jiwen Li Xiaoming Peng Ruijun Ju Zhaojun Jia Zhenguo Wen Cuiqing Li |
| author_sort | Teng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted procedure for the extraction of mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLPs) was investigated using response surface methodology with a 29-run Box–Behnken design. Four factors were investigated, and it was found that the factors influencing the process, in order of significance, were the extraction temperature > liquid-to-material ratio > ultrasonic power. Considering practical conditions, the parameters were adjusted to a liquid-to-material ratio of 16:1 mL/g, extraction time of 58 min, extraction temperature of 65 °C, and ultrasonic power of 500 W. Under these conditions, the yield of MLPs was 14.47%, which is close to the predicted value, indicating that the extraction process optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) is feasible. The separation and purification effects of macroporous resin and activated carbon on MLPs were investigated, with the D152 resin being considered the most suitable choice. The optimal separation conditions were found to be a sample concentration of 0.5 g/mL and an optimal flow rate of 1 mL/min. Thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy revealed that polysaccharides extracted from mulberry leaves are primarily composed of rhamnose, xylose, and arabinose. In conclusion, this study successfully optimized the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of MLPs through response surface methodology, determined the optimal parameter combination, and verified its efficiency and stability. Under the optimal conditions obtained for ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the yield of MLPs is significantly higher than that reported in the previous literature. The decolorization process of crude mulberry leaf polysaccharide extract was also investigated, and the purified MLPs have clear monosaccharide composition and structural characteristics, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for their application in functional food or drug development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91c77b8796a34a7eacda9c569ede5977 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-91c77b8796a34a7eacda9c569ede59772025-08-20T02:28:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-04-01308174710.3390/molecules30081747Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of ExtractTeng Wang0Xiaolin Zou1Hong Zhang2Jiwen Li3Xiaoming Peng4Ruijun Ju5Zhaojun Jia6Zhenguo Wen7Cuiqing Li8Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, ChinaIn this study, an ultrasonic-assisted procedure for the extraction of mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLPs) was investigated using response surface methodology with a 29-run Box–Behnken design. Four factors were investigated, and it was found that the factors influencing the process, in order of significance, were the extraction temperature > liquid-to-material ratio > ultrasonic power. Considering practical conditions, the parameters were adjusted to a liquid-to-material ratio of 16:1 mL/g, extraction time of 58 min, extraction temperature of 65 °C, and ultrasonic power of 500 W. Under these conditions, the yield of MLPs was 14.47%, which is close to the predicted value, indicating that the extraction process optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) is feasible. The separation and purification effects of macroporous resin and activated carbon on MLPs were investigated, with the D152 resin being considered the most suitable choice. The optimal separation conditions were found to be a sample concentration of 0.5 g/mL and an optimal flow rate of 1 mL/min. Thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy revealed that polysaccharides extracted from mulberry leaves are primarily composed of rhamnose, xylose, and arabinose. In conclusion, this study successfully optimized the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of MLPs through response surface methodology, determined the optimal parameter combination, and verified its efficiency and stability. Under the optimal conditions obtained for ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the yield of MLPs is significantly higher than that reported in the previous literature. The decolorization process of crude mulberry leaf polysaccharide extract was also investigated, and the purified MLPs have clear monosaccharide composition and structural characteristics, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for their application in functional food or drug development.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/8/1747polysaccharidesultrasoundmulberry leavesBox–Behnken |
| spellingShingle | Teng Wang Xiaolin Zou Hong Zhang Jiwen Li Xiaoming Peng Ruijun Ju Zhaojun Jia Zhenguo Wen Cuiqing Li Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract Molecules polysaccharides ultrasound mulberry leaves Box–Behnken |
| title | Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract |
| title_full | Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract |
| title_short | Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Mulberry Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology: Purification and Component Identification of Extract |
| title_sort | ultrasound assisted extraction of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves using response surface methodology purification and component identification of extract |
| topic | polysaccharides ultrasound mulberry leaves Box–Behnken |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/8/1747 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tengwang ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT xiaolinzou ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT hongzhang ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT jiwenli ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT xiaomingpeng ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT ruijunju ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT zhaojunjia ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT zhenguowen ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract AT cuiqingli ultrasoundassistedextractionofpolysaccharidesfrommulberryleavesusingresponsesurfacemethodologypurificationandcomponentidentificationofextract |