Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy

Background: The Notch signaling pathway is an important regulator of stem cell activity in various tissues, including the central nervous system. It has been implicated in neurodevelopmental processes, including neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity. Research suggests that its expression...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dimitar Metodiev, Petia Dimova, Margarita Ruseva, Dimitar Parvanov, Rumiana Ganeva, Georgi Stamenov, Sevdalin Nachev, Vesela Ivanova, Rumen Marinov, Krassimir Minkin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Neuroglia
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6980/6/1/7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850090913175437312
author Dimitar Metodiev
Petia Dimova
Margarita Ruseva
Dimitar Parvanov
Rumiana Ganeva
Georgi Stamenov
Sevdalin Nachev
Vesela Ivanova
Rumen Marinov
Krassimir Minkin
author_facet Dimitar Metodiev
Petia Dimova
Margarita Ruseva
Dimitar Parvanov
Rumiana Ganeva
Georgi Stamenov
Sevdalin Nachev
Vesela Ivanova
Rumen Marinov
Krassimir Minkin
author_sort Dimitar Metodiev
collection DOAJ
description Background: The Notch signaling pathway is an important regulator of stem cell activity in various tissues, including the central nervous system. It has been implicated in neurodevelopmental processes, including neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity. Research suggests that its expression may be associated with certain epileptogenic lesions, particularly those with neurodevelopmental origin. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Notch-1 in brain biopsies from various cases of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Methods: Here, we used immunohistochemistry staining to retrospectively analyze 128 developmental lesions associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy, including 13 cases with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type I, 39 with FCD type II, 37 with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), 23 with FCD IIIc, 9 with mild malformations of cortical development (MCD), 4 cases with mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia and epilepsy (MOGHE), and 3 with tuberous sclerosis (TS). The tissues were stained for Neurofilament protein, Vimentin, S-100 protein, NeuN, and GFAP, as well as the stem cell marker Notch-1. Tissue that stained positively for Notch-1 was further characterized. Results: A positive Notch-1 reaction was found in all cases of FCD type IIb and TS, where it appeared in balloon cells but not in dysmorphic neurons, and in a single case of meningioangiomatosis (FCD IIIc), where it stained spider-like cells. Notch-1-positive cells showed a stem-like, glio-neuronal precursor immunophenotype. No staining was observed in the remaining cases with FCD type I, type III, HS, mild MCD, and MOGHE. Conclusions: Notch-1 displays a distinct pattern of expression in some epileptogenic lesions, potentially highlighting a stem cell-like origin or neurodevelopmental abnormalities contributing to pharmacoresistant epilepsy; however, it is not a general marker of such lesions. Its differential expression may prove useful in distinguishing between different types of FCD or other cortical malformations, which could assist in both their diagnosis and potentially in the development of more targeted therapeutic approaches. Further studies with different stem cell markers are needed in this direction.
format Article
id doaj-art-9191010f87d045a1826f2af4f862b28f
institution DOAJ
issn 2571-6980
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Neuroglia
spelling doaj-art-9191010f87d045a1826f2af4f862b28f2025-08-20T02:42:28ZengMDPI AGNeuroglia2571-69802025-02-0161710.3390/neuroglia6010007Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant EpilepsyDimitar Metodiev0Petia Dimova1Margarita Ruseva2Dimitar Parvanov3Rumiana Ganeva4Georgi Stamenov5Sevdalin Nachev6Vesela Ivanova7Rumen Marinov8Krassimir Minkin9Neuropathological Laboratory, University Hospital “Saint Ivan Rilski”, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaEpilepsy Surgery Center, University Hospital “Saint Ivan Rilski”, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, 1373 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, 1373 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, 1373 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, 1373 Sofia, BulgariaNeuropathological Laboratory, University Hospital “Saint Ivan Rilski”, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Cardiology, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, 1373 Sofia, BulgariaEpilepsy Surgery Center, University Hospital “Saint Ivan Rilski”, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaBackground: The Notch signaling pathway is an important regulator of stem cell activity in various tissues, including the central nervous system. It has been implicated in neurodevelopmental processes, including neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity. Research suggests that its expression may be associated with certain epileptogenic lesions, particularly those with neurodevelopmental origin. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Notch-1 in brain biopsies from various cases of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Methods: Here, we used immunohistochemistry staining to retrospectively analyze 128 developmental lesions associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy, including 13 cases with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type I, 39 with FCD type II, 37 with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), 23 with FCD IIIc, 9 with mild malformations of cortical development (MCD), 4 cases with mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia and epilepsy (MOGHE), and 3 with tuberous sclerosis (TS). The tissues were stained for Neurofilament protein, Vimentin, S-100 protein, NeuN, and GFAP, as well as the stem cell marker Notch-1. Tissue that stained positively for Notch-1 was further characterized. Results: A positive Notch-1 reaction was found in all cases of FCD type IIb and TS, where it appeared in balloon cells but not in dysmorphic neurons, and in a single case of meningioangiomatosis (FCD IIIc), where it stained spider-like cells. Notch-1-positive cells showed a stem-like, glio-neuronal precursor immunophenotype. No staining was observed in the remaining cases with FCD type I, type III, HS, mild MCD, and MOGHE. Conclusions: Notch-1 displays a distinct pattern of expression in some epileptogenic lesions, potentially highlighting a stem cell-like origin or neurodevelopmental abnormalities contributing to pharmacoresistant epilepsy; however, it is not a general marker of such lesions. Its differential expression may prove useful in distinguishing between different types of FCD or other cortical malformations, which could assist in both their diagnosis and potentially in the development of more targeted therapeutic approaches. Further studies with different stem cell markers are needed in this direction.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6980/6/1/7balloon cellsdysmorphic neuronsfocal cortical dysplasiaNotch-1stem cell marker
spellingShingle Dimitar Metodiev
Petia Dimova
Margarita Ruseva
Dimitar Parvanov
Rumiana Ganeva
Georgi Stamenov
Sevdalin Nachev
Vesela Ivanova
Rumen Marinov
Krassimir Minkin
Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
Neuroglia
balloon cells
dysmorphic neurons
focal cortical dysplasia
Notch-1
stem cell marker
title Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
title_full Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
title_fullStr Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
title_full_unstemmed Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
title_short Notch-1 Immunopositivity in Brain Lesions Associated with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy
title_sort notch 1 immunopositivity in brain lesions associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy
topic balloon cells
dysmorphic neurons
focal cortical dysplasia
Notch-1
stem cell marker
url https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6980/6/1/7
work_keys_str_mv AT dimitarmetodiev notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT petiadimova notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT margaritaruseva notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT dimitarparvanov notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT rumianaganeva notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT georgistamenov notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT sevdalinnachev notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT veselaivanova notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT rumenmarinov notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy
AT krassimirminkin notch1immunopositivityinbrainlesionsassociatedwithpharmacoresistantepilepsy