A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds

ObjectiveTo explore the differences in parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes between college students from low-income and non-low-income families. The goal is to provide insights into their holistic development and psychological adaptation in diverse competitive environments.MethodsA tot...

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Main Authors: Shuqing Zhou, Dong Wang, Tingting Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1597721/full
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author Shuqing Zhou
Dong Wang
Tingting Xu
author_facet Shuqing Zhou
Dong Wang
Tingting Xu
author_sort Shuqing Zhou
collection DOAJ
description ObjectiveTo explore the differences in parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes between college students from low-income and non-low-income families. The goal is to provide insights into their holistic development and psychological adaptation in diverse competitive environments.MethodsA total of 1,000 college students were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran questionnaire, and the Competitive Attitude Scale. Among them, 188 were identified as low-income students and 750 as non-low-income students.Results(1) Significant differences were observed between low-income and non-low-income students in parental emotional warmth and understanding, paternal denial and rejection, maternal favoritism, and malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.05). (2) Parental emotional warmth and understanding were positively correlated with benign competitive attitude (p < 0.01). (3) Parental rejection, denial, favoritism, and overprotection were negatively correlated with malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.05). (4) Paternal punishment and strictness were positively correlated with malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.01).ConclusionPositive parental rearing styles enhance the subjective well-being of low-income students and foster benign competitive attitudes, whereas negative parental rearing styles reduce well-being and promote excessive competitive tendencies.
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spelling doaj-art-918a859c09f1485fbbffdcb179b0ea532025-08-20T03:16:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-06-011610.3389/fpsyg.2025.15977211597721A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgroundsShuqing ZhouDong WangTingting XuObjectiveTo explore the differences in parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes between college students from low-income and non-low-income families. The goal is to provide insights into their holistic development and psychological adaptation in diverse competitive environments.MethodsA total of 1,000 college students were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran questionnaire, and the Competitive Attitude Scale. Among them, 188 were identified as low-income students and 750 as non-low-income students.Results(1) Significant differences were observed between low-income and non-low-income students in parental emotional warmth and understanding, paternal denial and rejection, maternal favoritism, and malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.05). (2) Parental emotional warmth and understanding were positively correlated with benign competitive attitude (p < 0.01). (3) Parental rejection, denial, favoritism, and overprotection were negatively correlated with malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.05). (4) Paternal punishment and strictness were positively correlated with malignant competitive attitude (p < 0.01).ConclusionPositive parental rearing styles enhance the subjective well-being of low-income students and foster benign competitive attitudes, whereas negative parental rearing styles reduce well-being and promote excessive competitive tendencies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1597721/fullfamily incomeparental rearing stylecompetitive attitudemental healthfamily environment
spellingShingle Shuqing Zhou
Dong Wang
Tingting Xu
A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
Frontiers in Psychology
family income
parental rearing style
competitive attitude
mental health
family environment
title A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
title_full A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
title_fullStr A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
title_full_unstemmed A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
title_short A comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
title_sort comparative study on parental rearing styles and competitive attitudes among college students from different family income backgrounds
topic family income
parental rearing style
competitive attitude
mental health
family environment
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1597721/full
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