Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department

Abstract Background Around 40% of US households with children have a firearm kept in the home. This study sought to describe firearm storage practices and locking device preferences among caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods We conducted a cross-section...

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Main Authors: Tyler Lennon, Samaa Kemal, Sanjana Shankar, Robert Tunick, Doug Lorenz, Jennifer A. Hoffmann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:Injury Epidemiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00568-y
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author Tyler Lennon
Samaa Kemal
Sanjana Shankar
Robert Tunick
Doug Lorenz
Jennifer A. Hoffmann
author_facet Tyler Lennon
Samaa Kemal
Sanjana Shankar
Robert Tunick
Doug Lorenz
Jennifer A. Hoffmann
author_sort Tyler Lennon
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Around 40% of US households with children have a firearm kept in the home. This study sought to describe firearm storage practices and locking device preferences among caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric ED who endorsed having a firearm in the home from August 2023 to May 2024. A self-administered electronic survey inquired about current firearm storage practices and locking device preferences. Caregivers who endorsed any unsafe firearm storage practice (i.e., firearm stored unlocked, loaded, and/or with ammunition) were offered, based on their preference, a free cable gun lock, lock box, or gun safe along with safe firearm storage education materials. Caregivers given a device were surveyed 30 days later to reevaluate firearm storage behavior. McNemar’s test was used to evaluate differences in reported baseline locking device use. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate changes in storage behaviors (locked, unloaded, and stored separate from ammunition) from baseline to 30-day follow-up. Results Of 139 caregivers with a firearm in the home, 91% (n = 126) reported having a handgun and 41% (n = 57) reported storing firearms with triple safe storage. Safes/vaults were more frequently used (40%, n = 56) than cable gun locks (20%, n = 28) (p = 0.003). Factors involved in caregiver preference for firearm locking devices were: speed of access to firearms (47%, n = 66), strength of the device (45%, n = 63), and cost of device (42%, n = 58). Seventeen caregivers were provided a free device based on preference: 15 gun safes, 2 lock boxes, and 0 cable gun locks. At 30-day follow up, 70.6% (n = 12) of eligible caregivers responded, and the proportion of respondents who reported storing all firearms locked increased significantly from baseline (from 67 to 100%, p = 0.036). Conclusions Caregivers in a pediatric ED reported using safes most frequently and, when offered a device, preferred safes over other locking devices. After being provided a free device of their preference, all caregivers who completed follow-up surveys reported all firearms were locked. Healthcare and community organizations should align resources with caregiver preferences.
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spelling doaj-art-916bc79dc67744f3b6ba73482355e5a02025-08-20T03:04:11ZengBMCInjury Epidemiology2197-17142025-02-011211610.1186/s40621-025-00568-yUnderstanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency departmentTyler Lennon0Samaa Kemal1Sanjana Shankar2Robert Tunick3Doug Lorenz4Jennifer A. Hoffmann5Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’S Hospital of ChicagoDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’S Hospital of ChicagoDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’S Hospital of ChicagoDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’S Hospital of ChicagoDepartment of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of LouisvilleDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’S Hospital of ChicagoAbstract Background Around 40% of US households with children have a firearm kept in the home. This study sought to describe firearm storage practices and locking device preferences among caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric ED who endorsed having a firearm in the home from August 2023 to May 2024. A self-administered electronic survey inquired about current firearm storage practices and locking device preferences. Caregivers who endorsed any unsafe firearm storage practice (i.e., firearm stored unlocked, loaded, and/or with ammunition) were offered, based on their preference, a free cable gun lock, lock box, or gun safe along with safe firearm storage education materials. Caregivers given a device were surveyed 30 days later to reevaluate firearm storage behavior. McNemar’s test was used to evaluate differences in reported baseline locking device use. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate changes in storage behaviors (locked, unloaded, and stored separate from ammunition) from baseline to 30-day follow-up. Results Of 139 caregivers with a firearm in the home, 91% (n = 126) reported having a handgun and 41% (n = 57) reported storing firearms with triple safe storage. Safes/vaults were more frequently used (40%, n = 56) than cable gun locks (20%, n = 28) (p = 0.003). Factors involved in caregiver preference for firearm locking devices were: speed of access to firearms (47%, n = 66), strength of the device (45%, n = 63), and cost of device (42%, n = 58). Seventeen caregivers were provided a free device based on preference: 15 gun safes, 2 lock boxes, and 0 cable gun locks. At 30-day follow up, 70.6% (n = 12) of eligible caregivers responded, and the proportion of respondents who reported storing all firearms locked increased significantly from baseline (from 67 to 100%, p = 0.036). Conclusions Caregivers in a pediatric ED reported using safes most frequently and, when offered a device, preferred safes over other locking devices. After being provided a free device of their preference, all caregivers who completed follow-up surveys reported all firearms were locked. Healthcare and community organizations should align resources with caregiver preferences.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00568-yFirearmsMental healthSafe storageInjury preventionPediatrics
spellingShingle Tyler Lennon
Samaa Kemal
Sanjana Shankar
Robert Tunick
Doug Lorenz
Jennifer A. Hoffmann
Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
Injury Epidemiology
Firearms
Mental health
Safe storage
Injury prevention
Pediatrics
title Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
title_full Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
title_fullStr Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
title_full_unstemmed Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
title_short Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
title_sort understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
topic Firearms
Mental health
Safe storage
Injury prevention
Pediatrics
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00568-y
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