A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation
The review describes the hypothesis that the drivers of epigenetic regulation in memory formation are transposable elements that influence the expression of specific genes in the brain. The hypothesis is confirmed by research into transposon activation in neuronal stem cells during neuronal different...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4229 |
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| author | R. N. Mustafin |
| author_facet | R. N. Mustafin |
| author_sort | R. N. Mustafin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The review describes the hypothesis that the drivers of epigenetic regulation in memory formation are transposable elements that influence the expression of specific genes in the brain. The hypothesis is confirmed by research into transposon activation in neuronal stem cells during neuronal differentiation. These changes occur in the hippocampus dentate gyrus, where a pronounced activity of transposons and their insertion near neuron-specific genes have been detected. In experiments on changing the activity of histone acetyltransferase and inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and reverse transcriptase, the involvement of epigenetic factors and retroelements in the mechanisms of memory formation has been shown. Also, a number of studies on different animals have revealed the preservation of long-term memory without the participation of synaptic plasticity. The data obtained suggest that transposons, which are genome sensors highly sensitive to various environmental and internal influences, form memory at the nuclear coding level. Therefore, long-term memory is preserved after elimination of synaptic connections. This is confirmed by the fact that the proteins involved in memory formation, including the transfer of genetic information through synapses between neurons (Arc protein), originate from transposons. Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs also originate from transposons; their role in memory consolidation has been described. Pathological activation of transposable elements is a likely cause of neurodegenerative diseases with memory impairment. Analysis of the scientific literature allowed us to identify changes in the expression of 40 microRNAs derived from transposons in Alzheimer’s disease. For 24 of these microRNAs, the mechanisms of regulation of genes involved in the functioning of the brain have been described. It has been suggested that the microRNAs we identified could become potential tools for regulating transposon activity in the brain in order to improve memory. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-916270216a8741cd93f9072f314461de |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-916270216a8741cd93f9072f314461de2025-02-01T09:58:13ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592024-09-0128547648610.18699/vjgb-24-541482A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formationR. N. Mustafin0Bashkir State Medical UniversityThe review describes the hypothesis that the drivers of epigenetic regulation in memory formation are transposable elements that influence the expression of specific genes in the brain. The hypothesis is confirmed by research into transposon activation in neuronal stem cells during neuronal differentiation. These changes occur in the hippocampus dentate gyrus, where a pronounced activity of transposons and their insertion near neuron-specific genes have been detected. In experiments on changing the activity of histone acetyltransferase and inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and reverse transcriptase, the involvement of epigenetic factors and retroelements in the mechanisms of memory formation has been shown. Also, a number of studies on different animals have revealed the preservation of long-term memory without the participation of synaptic plasticity. The data obtained suggest that transposons, which are genome sensors highly sensitive to various environmental and internal influences, form memory at the nuclear coding level. Therefore, long-term memory is preserved after elimination of synaptic connections. This is confirmed by the fact that the proteins involved in memory formation, including the transfer of genetic information through synapses between neurons (Arc protein), originate from transposons. Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs also originate from transposons; their role in memory consolidation has been described. Pathological activation of transposable elements is a likely cause of neurodegenerative diseases with memory impairment. Analysis of the scientific literature allowed us to identify changes in the expression of 40 microRNAs derived from transposons in Alzheimer’s disease. For 24 of these microRNAs, the mechanisms of regulation of genes involved in the functioning of the brain have been described. It has been suggested that the microRNAs we identified could become potential tools for regulating transposon activity in the brain in order to improve memory.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4229long noncoding rnaslong-term memorymirnasretroelementstransposonsepigenetic factors |
| spellingShingle | R. N. Mustafin A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции long noncoding rnas long-term memory mirnas retroelements transposons epigenetic factors |
| title | A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| title_full | A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| title_fullStr | A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| title_short | A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| title_sort | hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation |
| topic | long noncoding rnas long-term memory mirnas retroelements transposons epigenetic factors |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4229 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rnmustafin ahypothesisaboutinterrelationsofepigeneticfactorsandtransposableelementsinmemoryformation AT rnmustafin hypothesisaboutinterrelationsofepigeneticfactorsandtransposableelementsinmemoryformation |