Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling
Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced sea surface temperature cooling (TCC) has both local and basin‐scale effects, but the roles of upper ocean conditions and TC intensity in its long‐term variability remain unclear in the Northwest Pacific (NWP). This study finds that annual cumulative basin‐scal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115192 |
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| author | Haoyu Zhang Han Zhang Yu Liu Kai Yu Dake Chen |
| author_facet | Haoyu Zhang Han Zhang Yu Liu Kai Yu Dake Chen |
| author_sort | Haoyu Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced sea surface temperature cooling (TCC) has both local and basin‐scale effects, but the roles of upper ocean conditions and TC intensity in its long‐term variability remain unclear in the Northwest Pacific (NWP). This study finds that annual cumulative basin‐scale TCC has increased (21.51 ± 6.41°C/yr), driven primarily by enhanced TCC in the western coastal and mid‐latitude regions north of 20°N (39.26 ± 6.67°C/yr), while a decreasing trend is observed south of 20°N (−17.75 ± 4.42°C/yr). At the local scale, TCC has intensified (0.08 ± 0.01°C/decade), with extreme events (top 95%) increasing even more (0.09 ± 0.01°C/decade). The probability of typical TCC (>1°C) has almost doubled over the last four decades, and the TCC distribution has shifted rightward, reflecting stronger TCC. These trends are primarily driven by changes in ocean stratification, with variations in TC intensity playing a secondary role. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-915375494cb5495e9c60816ae2fbd6dd |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-915375494cb5495e9c60816ae2fbd6dd2025-08-20T02:56:24ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-07-015213n/an/a10.1029/2025GL115192Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface CoolingHaoyu Zhang0Han Zhang1Yu Liu2Kai Yu3Dake Chen4School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai ChinaState Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou ChinaSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural Resources Hohai University Nanjing ChinaSchool of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai ChinaAbstract Tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced sea surface temperature cooling (TCC) has both local and basin‐scale effects, but the roles of upper ocean conditions and TC intensity in its long‐term variability remain unclear in the Northwest Pacific (NWP). This study finds that annual cumulative basin‐scale TCC has increased (21.51 ± 6.41°C/yr), driven primarily by enhanced TCC in the western coastal and mid‐latitude regions north of 20°N (39.26 ± 6.67°C/yr), while a decreasing trend is observed south of 20°N (−17.75 ± 4.42°C/yr). At the local scale, TCC has intensified (0.08 ± 0.01°C/decade), with extreme events (top 95%) increasing even more (0.09 ± 0.01°C/decade). The probability of typical TCC (>1°C) has almost doubled over the last four decades, and the TCC distribution has shifted rightward, reflecting stronger TCC. These trends are primarily driven by changes in ocean stratification, with variations in TC intensity playing a secondary role.https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115192tropical cyclonescold wakesair‐sea interactioncooling inhibition indexpotential intensityrelative importance |
| spellingShingle | Haoyu Zhang Han Zhang Yu Liu Kai Yu Dake Chen Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling Geophysical Research Letters tropical cyclones cold wakes air‐sea interaction cooling inhibition index potential intensity relative importance |
| title | Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling |
| title_full | Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling |
| title_fullStr | Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling |
| title_short | Oceanic Control on the Long‐Term Intensification of Extreme Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Sea Surface Cooling |
| title_sort | oceanic control on the long term intensification of extreme tropical cyclone induced sea surface cooling |
| topic | tropical cyclones cold wakes air‐sea interaction cooling inhibition index potential intensity relative importance |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115192 |
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