Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis
Abstract Sophocarpine (SC) has been reported to suppress tumorigenesis. But the effect of SC on glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. This study explored the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects of SC on GBM cells and the molecular mechanism. Different concentrations of SC were used to treat human...
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Springer
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Discover Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01839-2 |
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| author | Feng Si Qian Wang Fei Chen Xiangdong Lu |
| author_facet | Feng Si Qian Wang Fei Chen Xiangdong Lu |
| author_sort | Feng Si |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Sophocarpine (SC) has been reported to suppress tumorigenesis. But the effect of SC on glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. This study explored the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects of SC on GBM cells and the molecular mechanism. Different concentrations of SC were used to treat human astrocyte NHA and GBM cells lines LN229 and SF539. CCK-8 was applied to analyze cell toxicity and proliferation. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to measure RNA and protein expressions, respectively. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry assay. The results indicated that SC inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of LN229 and SF539 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The arrest of the G0/G1 phase of GBM cells was increased after SC treatment. Moreover, SC downregulated miR-21 expression and upregulated PTEN expression in GBM cells. Overexpression of miR-21 partly abrogated the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects of SC on GBM cells, while exogenous PTEN partially eliminated the pro-proliferation and anti-apoptosis effects of miR-21 on GBM cells. Furthermore, SC treatment decreased the levels of PI3K/AKT pathway-related p-PI3K, p-AKT and PIP3 in GBM cells. The PI3K/AKT pathway activator 740Y-P partially reversed the reduced cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis in SC-treated GBM cells. Significantly, we verified that SC suppressed the proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of GBM cells via inhibiting miR-21 while it was not entirely dependent on upregulation PTEN. Consequently, the potential mechanism of SC in induction apoptosis of GBM cells was verified, which might provide a new method for GBM treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-914f0211d6654468a9ea2fc30ac41156 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-6011 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Discover Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-914f0211d6654468a9ea2fc30ac411562025-02-09T12:43:38ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-02-0116111110.1007/s12672-025-01839-2Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axisFeng Si0Qian Wang1Fei Chen2Xiangdong Lu3Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityAbstract Sophocarpine (SC) has been reported to suppress tumorigenesis. But the effect of SC on glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. This study explored the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects of SC on GBM cells and the molecular mechanism. Different concentrations of SC were used to treat human astrocyte NHA and GBM cells lines LN229 and SF539. CCK-8 was applied to analyze cell toxicity and proliferation. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to measure RNA and protein expressions, respectively. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry assay. The results indicated that SC inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of LN229 and SF539 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The arrest of the G0/G1 phase of GBM cells was increased after SC treatment. Moreover, SC downregulated miR-21 expression and upregulated PTEN expression in GBM cells. Overexpression of miR-21 partly abrogated the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects of SC on GBM cells, while exogenous PTEN partially eliminated the pro-proliferation and anti-apoptosis effects of miR-21 on GBM cells. Furthermore, SC treatment decreased the levels of PI3K/AKT pathway-related p-PI3K, p-AKT and PIP3 in GBM cells. The PI3K/AKT pathway activator 740Y-P partially reversed the reduced cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis in SC-treated GBM cells. Significantly, we verified that SC suppressed the proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of GBM cells via inhibiting miR-21 while it was not entirely dependent on upregulation PTEN. Consequently, the potential mechanism of SC in induction apoptosis of GBM cells was verified, which might provide a new method for GBM treatment.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01839-2Sophocarpine (SC)ProliferationApoptosismiR-21PTEN/PI3K/AKT axisGlioblastoma (GBM) |
| spellingShingle | Feng Si Qian Wang Fei Chen Xiangdong Lu Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis Discover Oncology Sophocarpine (SC) Proliferation Apoptosis miR-21 PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis Glioblastoma (GBM) |
| title | Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis |
| title_full | Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis |
| title_fullStr | Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis |
| title_short | Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis |
| title_sort | sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the mir 21 pten pi3k akt axis |
| topic | Sophocarpine (SC) Proliferation Apoptosis miR-21 PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis Glioblastoma (GBM) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01839-2 |
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