Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city

Abstract Introduction Paragonimiasis, a parasitic infection caused by Paragonimus westermani, is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with cavitating lung lesions, especially those from endemic regions. Extrapulmonary involvement is uncommon and can pose significant dia...

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Main Authors: Salah A. M. Ali, Randa I. Ahmed, Mohamed Deeb, Mahmoud Hassan, Nagwa Shahein, Mohamed Hisham
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-06-01
Series:The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-025-00419-w
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author Salah A. M. Ali
Randa I. Ahmed
Mohamed Deeb
Mahmoud Hassan
Nagwa Shahein
Mohamed Hisham
author_facet Salah A. M. Ali
Randa I. Ahmed
Mohamed Deeb
Mahmoud Hassan
Nagwa Shahein
Mohamed Hisham
author_sort Salah A. M. Ali
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Introduction Paragonimiasis, a parasitic infection caused by Paragonimus westermani, is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with cavitating lung lesions, especially those from endemic regions. Extrapulmonary involvement is uncommon and can pose significant diagnostic challenges. Patient information A 41-year-old Filipino man, working as a driver, came to the emergency department with a 4-week history of shortness of breath, productive cough with yellowish sputum, fever, and body aches. He had a known history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes for 4 years and was a heavy smoker. Clinical findings On examination, the patient appeared unwell with signs of hypoxemia and fever. Diagnostic assessment Initial investigation for multiple caviraty lesion were done like sputum for AFB. Given his background and travel history from an endemic area, parasitic infection was considered. A wet mount examination of fresh sputum revealed P. westermani ova, confirming the diagnosis. MRI scans of the brain and abdomen were unremarkable, but pelvic MRI revealed a scrotal abscess. The patient underwent surgical drainage of the abscess along with a left inguinal orchidectomy. Interestingly, Paragonimus ova were found in the abscess fluid, but no bacteria were cultured. Histopathology of the excised tissue showed intense inflammation involving the epididymis, spermatic cord, and surrounding tissues, with atrophic changes in the testicle—though no ova were seen in the histological samples. Therapeutic intervention He was started on praziquantel, the standard antiparasitic treatment, and recovered well following surgery. Follow-up and outcomes The patient showed noticeable clinical improvement after treatment. Conclusion This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections like P. westermani in patients with cavitary lung disease, particularly when typical causes are excluded. It also illustrates that extrapulmonary manifestations, though rare, can occur and may require surgical intervention. A high index of suspicion, especially in patients from endemic areas, can lead to timely diagnosis and effective management. This is the first case report of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail and complicated by scrotal abscess worldwide.
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spelling doaj-art-91480d253cb04025965eda04e7a4ef6f2025-08-20T03:24:22ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Bronchology2314-85512025-06-011911610.1186/s43168-025-00419-wRare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail citySalah A. M. Ali0Randa I. Ahmed1Mohamed Deeb2Mahmoud Hassan3Nagwa Shahein4Mohamed Hisham5Department of PulmonologyDepartment of PulmonologyDepartment of Critical CareDepartment of UrologyDepartment of ParasitologyDepartment of RadiologyAbstract Introduction Paragonimiasis, a parasitic infection caused by Paragonimus westermani, is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with cavitating lung lesions, especially those from endemic regions. Extrapulmonary involvement is uncommon and can pose significant diagnostic challenges. Patient information A 41-year-old Filipino man, working as a driver, came to the emergency department with a 4-week history of shortness of breath, productive cough with yellowish sputum, fever, and body aches. He had a known history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes for 4 years and was a heavy smoker. Clinical findings On examination, the patient appeared unwell with signs of hypoxemia and fever. Diagnostic assessment Initial investigation for multiple caviraty lesion were done like sputum for AFB. Given his background and travel history from an endemic area, parasitic infection was considered. A wet mount examination of fresh sputum revealed P. westermani ova, confirming the diagnosis. MRI scans of the brain and abdomen were unremarkable, but pelvic MRI revealed a scrotal abscess. The patient underwent surgical drainage of the abscess along with a left inguinal orchidectomy. Interestingly, Paragonimus ova were found in the abscess fluid, but no bacteria were cultured. Histopathology of the excised tissue showed intense inflammation involving the epididymis, spermatic cord, and surrounding tissues, with atrophic changes in the testicle—though no ova were seen in the histological samples. Therapeutic intervention He was started on praziquantel, the standard antiparasitic treatment, and recovered well following surgery. Follow-up and outcomes The patient showed noticeable clinical improvement after treatment. Conclusion This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections like P. westermani in patients with cavitary lung disease, particularly when typical causes are excluded. It also illustrates that extrapulmonary manifestations, though rare, can occur and may require surgical intervention. A high index of suspicion, especially in patients from endemic areas, can lead to timely diagnosis and effective management. This is the first case report of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail and complicated by scrotal abscess worldwide.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-025-00419-wParagonimus westermaniLungScrotal abscessJubail city
spellingShingle Salah A. M. Ali
Randa I. Ahmed
Mohamed Deeb
Mahmoud Hassan
Nagwa Shahein
Mohamed Hisham
Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology
Paragonimus westermani
Lung
Scrotal abscess
Jubail city
title Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
title_full Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
title_fullStr Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
title_full_unstemmed Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
title_short Rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Jubail city
title_sort rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in jubail city
topic Paragonimus westermani
Lung
Scrotal abscess
Jubail city
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-025-00419-w
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