Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study

BackgroundVirtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a promising treatment approach for anxiety disorders. However, while its efficacy has been demonstrated in adults, research on the efficacy of VRET in the treatment of adolescents with anxiety disorders is largely lacking....

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Main Authors: Gesa Beele, Paula Liesong, Sabine Bojanowski, Kristian Hildebrand, Malte Weingart, Julia Asbrand, Christoph U Correll, Nexhmedin Morina, Peter J Uhlhaas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JMIR Publications 2024-11-01
Series:JMIR Mental Health
Online Access:https://mental.jmir.org/2024/1/e56235
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author Gesa Beele
Paula Liesong
Sabine Bojanowski
Kristian Hildebrand
Malte Weingart
Julia Asbrand
Christoph U Correll
Nexhmedin Morina
Peter J Uhlhaas
author_facet Gesa Beele
Paula Liesong
Sabine Bojanowski
Kristian Hildebrand
Malte Weingart
Julia Asbrand
Christoph U Correll
Nexhmedin Morina
Peter J Uhlhaas
author_sort Gesa Beele
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundVirtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a promising treatment approach for anxiety disorders. However, while its efficacy has been demonstrated in adults, research on the efficacy of VRET in the treatment of adolescents with anxiety disorders is largely lacking. ObjectiveA pilot study was carried out to test whether exposure to a virtual reality (VR) school environment elicits state anxiety and autonomic arousal in adolescents with school anxiety (diagnoses covering social anxiety disorder or specific phobia involving school contexts). In addition, we examined whether repeated VR exposure led to a reduction in this fear response, trait school anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms. Moreover, the relationship of presence, the subjective sense of “being there,” during VR exposure with anxiety measures and treatment response was examined. MethodsIn a pilot study, 10 adolescents with school anxiety (age range 14 to 17 years) participated in five VRET sessions. Self-reported state anxiety, heart rate, and presence during exposure, as well as trait school anxiety and social anxiety before and after treatment, were measured. ResultsThe VR scenario induced state anxiety and autonomic arousal. After VRET, a significant reduction in state anxiety (η2=0.74) and social anxiety symptoms (d=0.82) as well as a trend toward a decrease in trait school anxiety were observed, while autonomic arousal did not change. In addition, presence during VR exposure was associated with state anxiety and treatment response. ConclusionsOur findings indicate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of VRET as a treatment method for symptoms of school and social anxiety in adolescents.
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spelling doaj-art-913bc2727f1c43cf96f4be2f4f5583af2025-08-20T02:26:14ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Mental Health2368-79592024-11-0111e5623510.2196/56235Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot StudyGesa Beelehttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-7948-1866Paula Liesonghttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-6875-1906Sabine Bojanowskihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1581-9508Kristian Hildebrandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-5586Malte Weingarthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-1231Julia Asbrandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-6070Christoph U Correllhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5646Nexhmedin Morinahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-9140Peter J Uhlhaashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-2224 BackgroundVirtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a promising treatment approach for anxiety disorders. However, while its efficacy has been demonstrated in adults, research on the efficacy of VRET in the treatment of adolescents with anxiety disorders is largely lacking. ObjectiveA pilot study was carried out to test whether exposure to a virtual reality (VR) school environment elicits state anxiety and autonomic arousal in adolescents with school anxiety (diagnoses covering social anxiety disorder or specific phobia involving school contexts). In addition, we examined whether repeated VR exposure led to a reduction in this fear response, trait school anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms. Moreover, the relationship of presence, the subjective sense of “being there,” during VR exposure with anxiety measures and treatment response was examined. MethodsIn a pilot study, 10 adolescents with school anxiety (age range 14 to 17 years) participated in five VRET sessions. Self-reported state anxiety, heart rate, and presence during exposure, as well as trait school anxiety and social anxiety before and after treatment, were measured. ResultsThe VR scenario induced state anxiety and autonomic arousal. After VRET, a significant reduction in state anxiety (η2=0.74) and social anxiety symptoms (d=0.82) as well as a trend toward a decrease in trait school anxiety were observed, while autonomic arousal did not change. In addition, presence during VR exposure was associated with state anxiety and treatment response. ConclusionsOur findings indicate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of VRET as a treatment method for symptoms of school and social anxiety in adolescents.https://mental.jmir.org/2024/1/e56235
spellingShingle Gesa Beele
Paula Liesong
Sabine Bojanowski
Kristian Hildebrand
Malte Weingart
Julia Asbrand
Christoph U Correll
Nexhmedin Morina
Peter J Uhlhaas
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
JMIR Mental Health
title Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
title_full Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
title_fullStr Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
title_short Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study
title_sort virtual reality exposure therapy for reducing school anxiety in adolescents pilot study
url https://mental.jmir.org/2024/1/e56235
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