Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies

Daboia russelii, a highly venomous snake prevalent in South Asia, causes significant morbidity and mortality due to its complex venom, which includes neurotoxins, hemotoxins, and reprotoxins. Current equine-derived antivenoms, while effective, are associated with adverse effects like serum sickness....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Punithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj, Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju, Nagalambika Prasad, Chandavi Venkatesh, Deekshith Ramesh, Druthi Venktesh, Anusha Chikkamandagere Kumar, Kumar Jajur Ramanna
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Medicine in Drug Discovery
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098625000144
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849744831831605248
author Punithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj
Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
Nagalambika Prasad
Chandavi Venkatesh
Deekshith Ramesh
Druthi Venktesh
Anusha Chikkamandagere Kumar
Kumar Jajur Ramanna
author_facet Punithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj
Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
Nagalambika Prasad
Chandavi Venkatesh
Deekshith Ramesh
Druthi Venktesh
Anusha Chikkamandagere Kumar
Kumar Jajur Ramanna
author_sort Punithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj
collection DOAJ
description Daboia russelii, a highly venomous snake prevalent in South Asia, causes significant morbidity and mortality due to its complex venom, which includes neurotoxins, hemotoxins, and reprotoxins. Current equine-derived antivenoms, while effective, are associated with adverse effects like serum sickness. This study explores the potential of chicken-derived IgY antibodies as a safer, cost-effective alternative. Venom was fractionated using gel filtration chromatography, yielding six protein peaks, with Peak-I (large molecular weight fraction, LMF) and Peak-II (reprotoxin) used for immunization and neutralization studies. IgY antibodies raised against LMF in hens effectively neutralized twice the LD50 dose of reprotoxin (1:4 ratio) and whole venom (1:8 ratio), mitigating neurotoxicity, edema, hemolysis, anticoagulation, proteolysis, and cytotoxicity. Compared to equine antivenoms, IgY showed comparable neutralization efficacy with potentially fewer side effects, highlighting its therapeutic promise. These findings suggest IgY antibodies merit further investigation as a novel antivenom for D. russelii envenomation.
format Article
id doaj-art-9105956fb30a40038ad31ea35b7b26b3
institution DOAJ
issn 2590-0986
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Medicine in Drug Discovery
spelling doaj-art-9105956fb30a40038ad31ea35b7b26b32025-08-20T03:08:17ZengElsevierMedicine in Drug Discovery2590-09862025-09-012710021710.1016/j.medidd.2025.100217Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodiesPunithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj0Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju1Nagalambika Prasad2Chandavi Venkatesh3Deekshith Ramesh4Druthi Venktesh5Anusha Chikkamandagere Kumar6Kumar Jajur Ramanna7Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, India; Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasa Gangothri, Mysore 570015, India; Corresponding author at: Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India.Daboia russelii, a highly venomous snake prevalent in South Asia, causes significant morbidity and mortality due to its complex venom, which includes neurotoxins, hemotoxins, and reprotoxins. Current equine-derived antivenoms, while effective, are associated with adverse effects like serum sickness. This study explores the potential of chicken-derived IgY antibodies as a safer, cost-effective alternative. Venom was fractionated using gel filtration chromatography, yielding six protein peaks, with Peak-I (large molecular weight fraction, LMF) and Peak-II (reprotoxin) used for immunization and neutralization studies. IgY antibodies raised against LMF in hens effectively neutralized twice the LD50 dose of reprotoxin (1:4 ratio) and whole venom (1:8 ratio), mitigating neurotoxicity, edema, hemolysis, anticoagulation, proteolysis, and cytotoxicity. Compared to equine antivenoms, IgY showed comparable neutralization efficacy with potentially fewer side effects, highlighting its therapeutic promise. These findings suggest IgY antibodies merit further investigation as a novel antivenom for D. russelii envenomation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098625000144Daboia russelii venomIgY antibodiesAntivenomReprotoxinNeutralizationSnakebite
spellingShingle Punithkumar Naraganahalli Krishnaraj
Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
Nagalambika Prasad
Chandavi Venkatesh
Deekshith Ramesh
Druthi Venktesh
Anusha Chikkamandagere Kumar
Kumar Jajur Ramanna
Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
Medicine in Drug Discovery
Daboia russelii venom
IgY antibodies
Antivenom
Reprotoxin
Neutralization
Snakebite
title Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
title_full Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
title_fullStr Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
title_full_unstemmed Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
title_short Neutralization of systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by IgY antibodies
title_sort neutralization of systemic toxicity of daboia russelii venom and reprotoxin fraction by igy antibodies
topic Daboia russelii venom
IgY antibodies
Antivenom
Reprotoxin
Neutralization
Snakebite
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098625000144
work_keys_str_mv AT punithkumarnaraganahallikrishnaraj neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT kirankumarmudnakudunagaraju neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT nagalambikaprasad neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT chandavivenkatesh neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT deekshithramesh neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT druthivenktesh neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT anushachikkamandagerekumar neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies
AT kumarjajurramanna neutralizationofsystemictoxicityofdaboiarusseliivenomandreprotoxinfractionbyigyantibodies