Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic role of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI) and critical limb ischemia (CLI). Materials and Methods. The study group was composed of diabetic patients with DFI and CLI. All patients were treated according to a preset limb salvage protoco...

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Main Authors: Marco Meloni, Valentina Izzo, Laura Giurato, Enrico Brocco, Michele Ferrannini, Roberto Gandini, Luigi Uccioli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:Journal of Diabetes Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4312737
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author Marco Meloni
Valentina Izzo
Laura Giurato
Enrico Brocco
Michele Ferrannini
Roberto Gandini
Luigi Uccioli
author_facet Marco Meloni
Valentina Izzo
Laura Giurato
Enrico Brocco
Michele Ferrannini
Roberto Gandini
Luigi Uccioli
author_sort Marco Meloni
collection DOAJ
description Aim. To evaluate the prognostic role of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI) and critical limb ischemia (CLI). Materials and Methods. The study group was composed of diabetic patients with DFI and CLI. All patients were treated according to a preset limb salvage protocol which includes revascularization, wound debridement, antibiotic therapy, and offloading. Inflammatory markers, including PCT, were evaluated at admission. Only positive values of PCT, greater than 0.5 ng/ml, were considered. Hospital outcomes were categorized as limb salvage (discharge with preserved limb), major amputation (amputation above the ankle), and mortality. Results. Eighty-six patients were included. The mean age was 67.3±11.4 years, 80.7% were male, 95.1% had type 2 diabetes, and the mean diabetes duration was 20.5±11.1 with a mean HbA1c of 67±16 mmol/mol. 66/86 (76.8%) of patients had limb salvage, 7/86 (8.1%) had major amputation, and 13/86 (15.1%) died. Patients with positive PCT baseline values in comparison to those with normal values showed a lower rate of limb salvage (30.4 versus 93.6%, p=0.0001), a higher rate of major amputation (13 versus 6.3%, p=0.3), and a higher rate of hospital mortality (56.5 versus 0%, p<0.0001). At the multivariate analysis of independent predictors found at univariate analysis, positive PCT was an independent predictor of major amputation [OR 3.3 (CI 95% 2.0-5.3), p=0.0001] and mortality [OR 4.1 (CI 95% 2.2-8.3), p<0.0001]. Discussion. Positive PCT at admission increased the risk of major amputation and mortality in hospital patients with DFI and CLI.
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spelling doaj-art-90faf1f51aa74fe283bcc0ae88f2193f2025-08-20T03:20:32ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532019-01-01201910.1155/2019/43127374312737Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot InfectionMarco Meloni0Valentina Izzo1Laura Giurato2Enrico Brocco3Michele Ferrannini4Roberto Gandini5Luigi Uccioli6Diabetic Foot Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyDiabetic Foot Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyDiabetic Foot Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyDiabetic Foot Unit, Foot and Ankle Clinic, Abano Terme Polyclinic, Piazza Cristoforo Colombo 1, 35031, Abano Terme, Padua, ItalyDivision of Hypertension and Nephrology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Interventional Radiology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyDiabetic Foot Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, ItalyAim. To evaluate the prognostic role of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI) and critical limb ischemia (CLI). Materials and Methods. The study group was composed of diabetic patients with DFI and CLI. All patients were treated according to a preset limb salvage protocol which includes revascularization, wound debridement, antibiotic therapy, and offloading. Inflammatory markers, including PCT, were evaluated at admission. Only positive values of PCT, greater than 0.5 ng/ml, were considered. Hospital outcomes were categorized as limb salvage (discharge with preserved limb), major amputation (amputation above the ankle), and mortality. Results. Eighty-six patients were included. The mean age was 67.3±11.4 years, 80.7% were male, 95.1% had type 2 diabetes, and the mean diabetes duration was 20.5±11.1 with a mean HbA1c of 67±16 mmol/mol. 66/86 (76.8%) of patients had limb salvage, 7/86 (8.1%) had major amputation, and 13/86 (15.1%) died. Patients with positive PCT baseline values in comparison to those with normal values showed a lower rate of limb salvage (30.4 versus 93.6%, p=0.0001), a higher rate of major amputation (13 versus 6.3%, p=0.3), and a higher rate of hospital mortality (56.5 versus 0%, p<0.0001). At the multivariate analysis of independent predictors found at univariate analysis, positive PCT was an independent predictor of major amputation [OR 3.3 (CI 95% 2.0-5.3), p=0.0001] and mortality [OR 4.1 (CI 95% 2.2-8.3), p<0.0001]. Discussion. Positive PCT at admission increased the risk of major amputation and mortality in hospital patients with DFI and CLI.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4312737
spellingShingle Marco Meloni
Valentina Izzo
Laura Giurato
Enrico Brocco
Michele Ferrannini
Roberto Gandini
Luigi Uccioli
Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
Journal of Diabetes Research
title Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
title_full Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
title_fullStr Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
title_full_unstemmed Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
title_short Procalcitonin Is a Prognostic Marker of Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia and Diabetic Foot Infection
title_sort procalcitonin is a prognostic marker of hospital outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia and diabetic foot infection
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4312737
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