Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo
This study determines the note for a sundatang, a traditional musical instrument in Borneo. The sundatang originated from two different ethnics so the strings were tuned differently as well as frets and it clearly produces more than one note. The sound was recorded using a microphone which was conne...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2025-05-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
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| Online Access: | https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24406 |
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| author | Sinin Hamdan Ezra Alfandy M. Duin Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said Kuryati Kipli Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin Ahmad Fauzi Musib |
| author_facet | Sinin Hamdan Ezra Alfandy M. Duin Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said Kuryati Kipli Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin Ahmad Fauzi Musib |
| author_sort | Sinin Hamdan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study determines the note for a sundatang, a traditional musical instrument in Borneo. The sundatang originated from two different ethnics so the strings were tuned differently as well as frets and it clearly produces more than one note. The sound was recorded using a microphone which was connected to a PicoScope and analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The string 1 and 2 for sundatang A are tuned to E4(330Hz) and E3(161Hz) respectively, and sundatang B are tuned to C4#(277Hz) and C3#(138.59Hz) respectively. Open string 1 and the fret from sundatang A was tuned to E4(330), G4#(410), A4#(465), C5#(546), D5(569), and F5(692) where E4-G4#:2Tone, G4#-A4#:1Tone, A4#-C5#:2Tone, C5#-D5:1Tone, D5-F5:2Tone, simplified become 2TT2TT2T. Open string 1 and the fret from sundatang B it was tuned to C4#(277), E4(329), F4(340), F4#(361), G4(389), G4#(425) where C4#-E4:1.5Tone, E4-F4:1Semitone, F4-F4#:1Semitone, F4#-G4:1Semitone, G4-G4#:1Semitone simplified become 1.5TSSSS. The note interval for string 1 and 2 for sundatang A and B can be formulated as y = 67.6x + 332.8 and y = 30.2x + 272.1, respectively. The time frequency analysis of the open strings 1 and 2 displayed a dense distribution of partials while fret 1 to 5 showed a distinct distribution which decrease with fret number. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-90be1e3c88ee4294b65e60238a2ee22b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj-art-90be1e3c88ee4294b65e60238a2ee22b2025-08-20T02:31:01ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21262025-05-01203533153472690Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of BorneoSinin Hamdan0Ezra Alfandy M. Duin1Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said2Kuryati Kipli3Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin4Ahmad Fauzi Musib5Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MalaysiaFaculty of Applied and Creative Art, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MalaysiaFaculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MalaysiaFaculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MalaysiaDepartment of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, MalaysiaFaculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaThis study determines the note for a sundatang, a traditional musical instrument in Borneo. The sundatang originated from two different ethnics so the strings were tuned differently as well as frets and it clearly produces more than one note. The sound was recorded using a microphone which was connected to a PicoScope and analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The string 1 and 2 for sundatang A are tuned to E4(330Hz) and E3(161Hz) respectively, and sundatang B are tuned to C4#(277Hz) and C3#(138.59Hz) respectively. Open string 1 and the fret from sundatang A was tuned to E4(330), G4#(410), A4#(465), C5#(546), D5(569), and F5(692) where E4-G4#:2Tone, G4#-A4#:1Tone, A4#-C5#:2Tone, C5#-D5:1Tone, D5-F5:2Tone, simplified become 2TT2TT2T. Open string 1 and the fret from sundatang B it was tuned to C4#(277), E4(329), F4(340), F4#(361), G4(389), G4#(425) where C4#-E4:1.5Tone, E4-F4:1Semitone, F4-F4#:1Semitone, F4#-G4:1Semitone, G4-G4#:1Semitone simplified become 1.5TSSSS. The note interval for string 1 and 2 for sundatang A and B can be formulated as y = 67.6x + 332.8 and y = 30.2x + 272.1, respectively. The time frequency analysis of the open strings 1 and 2 displayed a dense distribution of partials while fret 1 to 5 showed a distinct distribution which decrease with fret number.https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24406borneo lutesundatangfast fourier transformnote interval |
| spellingShingle | Sinin Hamdan Ezra Alfandy M. Duin Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said Kuryati Kipli Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin Ahmad Fauzi Musib Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo BioResources borneo lute sundatang fast fourier transform note interval |
| title | Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo |
| title_full | Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo |
| title_fullStr | Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo |
| title_short | Sundatang-Sabah’s Lost Lute of Borneo |
| title_sort | sundatang sabah s lost lute of borneo |
| topic | borneo lute sundatang fast fourier transform note interval |
| url | https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/24406 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sininhamdan sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo AT ezraalfandymduin sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo AT khairulanwarmohamadsaid sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo AT kuryatikipli sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo AT aaliyawaniezzerinsinin sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo AT ahmadfauzimusib sundatangsabahslostluteofborneo |