Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage

Abstract Wind energy plays a crucial role as a renewable source for electricity generation, especially in remote or isolated regions without access to the main power grid. The intermittent characteristics of wind energy make it essential to incorporate energy storage solutions to guarantee a consist...

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Main Authors: Farid Merahi, Hamza Mernache, Djamal Aouzelag, Abd Essalam Badoud, Mohit Bajaj, Ievgen Zaitsev
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81522-8
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author Farid Merahi
Hamza Mernache
Djamal Aouzelag
Abd Essalam Badoud
Mohit Bajaj
Ievgen Zaitsev
author_facet Farid Merahi
Hamza Mernache
Djamal Aouzelag
Abd Essalam Badoud
Mohit Bajaj
Ievgen Zaitsev
author_sort Farid Merahi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Wind energy plays a crucial role as a renewable source for electricity generation, especially in remote or isolated regions without access to the main power grid. The intermittent characteristics of wind energy make it essential to incorporate energy storage solutions to guarantee a consistent power supply. This study introduces the design, modeling, and control mechanisms of a self-sufficient wind energy conversion system (WECS) that utilizes a Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in conjunction with a Water pumping storage station (WPS). The system employs Optimal torque control (OTC) to maximize power extraction from the wind turbine, achieving a peak power coefficient (C p ) of 0.43. A vector control strategy is applied to the PMSG, maintaining the DC bus voltage at a regulated 465 V for stable system operation. The integrated WPS operates in both motor and generator modes, depending on the excess or shortfall of generated wind energy relative to load demand. In generator mode, the WPS supplements power when wind speeds are insufficient, while in motor mode, it stores excess energy by pumping water to an upper reservoir. Simulation results, conducted in MATLAB/Simulink, show that the system efficiently tracks maximum power points and regulates key parameters. For instance, the PMSG successfully maintains the reference quadrature current, achieving optimal torque and power output. The system’s response under varying wind speeds, with an average wind speed of 8 m/s, demonstrates that the generator speed closely follows turbine speed without a gearbox, leading to efficient power conversion. The results confirm the flexibility and robustness of the control strategies, ensuring continuous power delivery to the load. This makes the system a feasible solution for isolated, off-grid applications, contributing to advancements in renewable energy technologies and autonomous power generation systems.
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spelling doaj-art-90aa00518335453a8a0416d04b435a862025-08-20T02:08:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114113210.1038/s41598-024-81522-8Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storageFarid Merahi0Hamza Mernache1Djamal Aouzelag2Abd Essalam Badoud3Mohit Bajaj4Ievgen Zaitsev5Automatic Laboratory of Setif, Electrical Engineering Department, University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1Industrial and Information Techology Laboratory, Faculty of technology, University of BejaiaRenewable Energies Mastering Laboratory, Faculty of technology, University of BejaiaAutomatic Laboratory of Setif, Electrical Engineering Department, University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University)Department of Theoretical Electrical Engineering and Diagnostics of Electrical Equipment, Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of UkraineAbstract Wind energy plays a crucial role as a renewable source for electricity generation, especially in remote or isolated regions without access to the main power grid. The intermittent characteristics of wind energy make it essential to incorporate energy storage solutions to guarantee a consistent power supply. This study introduces the design, modeling, and control mechanisms of a self-sufficient wind energy conversion system (WECS) that utilizes a Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in conjunction with a Water pumping storage station (WPS). The system employs Optimal torque control (OTC) to maximize power extraction from the wind turbine, achieving a peak power coefficient (C p ) of 0.43. A vector control strategy is applied to the PMSG, maintaining the DC bus voltage at a regulated 465 V for stable system operation. The integrated WPS operates in both motor and generator modes, depending on the excess or shortfall of generated wind energy relative to load demand. In generator mode, the WPS supplements power when wind speeds are insufficient, while in motor mode, it stores excess energy by pumping water to an upper reservoir. Simulation results, conducted in MATLAB/Simulink, show that the system efficiently tracks maximum power points and regulates key parameters. For instance, the PMSG successfully maintains the reference quadrature current, achieving optimal torque and power output. The system’s response under varying wind speeds, with an average wind speed of 8 m/s, demonstrates that the generator speed closely follows turbine speed without a gearbox, leading to efficient power conversion. The results confirm the flexibility and robustness of the control strategies, ensuring continuous power delivery to the load. This makes the system a feasible solution for isolated, off-grid applications, contributing to advancements in renewable energy technologies and autonomous power generation systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81522-8Wind energy conversion systemPower controlPermanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)Water pumping storage station (WPS)Optimal torque control (OTC)Vector control
spellingShingle Farid Merahi
Hamza Mernache
Djamal Aouzelag
Abd Essalam Badoud
Mohit Bajaj
Ievgen Zaitsev
Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
Scientific Reports
Wind energy conversion system
Power control
Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
Water pumping storage station (WPS)
Optimal torque control (OTC)
Vector control
title Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
title_full Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
title_fullStr Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
title_full_unstemmed Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
title_short Power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
title_sort power control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator with integrated pumping storage
topic Wind energy conversion system
Power control
Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
Water pumping storage station (WPS)
Optimal torque control (OTC)
Vector control
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81522-8
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