ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology

The drilling and blasting method is commonly employed for the rapid demolition of outdated buildings by destroying key structural components and inducing progressive collapse. The residual bearing capacity of these components is governed by the deformation morphology of the longitudinal reinforcemen...

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Main Authors: Kai Rong, Yongsheng Jia, Yingkang Yao, Jinshan Sun, Qi Yu, Hongliang Tang, Jun Yang, Xianqi Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Buildings
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/13/2351
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author Kai Rong
Yongsheng Jia
Yingkang Yao
Jinshan Sun
Qi Yu
Hongliang Tang
Jun Yang
Xianqi Xie
author_facet Kai Rong
Yongsheng Jia
Yingkang Yao
Jinshan Sun
Qi Yu
Hongliang Tang
Jun Yang
Xianqi Xie
author_sort Kai Rong
collection DOAJ
description The drilling and blasting method is commonly employed for the rapid demolition of outdated buildings by destroying key structural components and inducing progressive collapse. The residual bearing capacity of these components is governed by the deformation morphology of the longitudinal reinforcement, characterized by bending deflection and exposed height. This study develops and validates a finite element (FE) model of a reinforced concrete (RC) column subjected to demolition blasting. By varying concrete compressive strength, the yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and the shear reinforcement ratio, 45 FE models are established to simulate the post-blast morphology of longitudinal reinforcement. Two databases are created: one containing 45 original simulation cases, and an augmented version with 225 cases generated through data augmentation. To predict bending deflection and the exposed height of longitudinal reinforcement, artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) models are optimized using the hunter–prey optimization (HPO) algorithm. Results show that the HPO-optimized RF model trained on the augmented database achieves the best performance, with MSE, MAE, and R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.004, 0.041, and 0.931 on the training set, and 0.007, 0.057, and 0.865 on the testing set, respectively. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement has the most significant impact, while the shear reinforcement ratio has the least influence on both output variables. The partial dependence plot (PDP) analysis indicates that the ratio of shear reinforcement has the most significant impact on the deformation of longitudinal reinforcement.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2075-5309
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-905465284ee14f76a75ded22702de4842025-08-20T03:28:29ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-07-011513235110.3390/buildings15132351ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column MorphologyKai Rong0Yongsheng Jia1Yingkang Yao2Jinshan Sun3Qi Yu4Hongliang Tang5Jun Yang6Xianqi Xie7State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaChina Safety Technology Research Academy of Ordnance Industry, Beijing 100053, ChinaChina Safety Technology Research Academy of Ordnance Industry, Beijing 100053, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, ChinaThe drilling and blasting method is commonly employed for the rapid demolition of outdated buildings by destroying key structural components and inducing progressive collapse. The residual bearing capacity of these components is governed by the deformation morphology of the longitudinal reinforcement, characterized by bending deflection and exposed height. This study develops and validates a finite element (FE) model of a reinforced concrete (RC) column subjected to demolition blasting. By varying concrete compressive strength, the yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and the shear reinforcement ratio, 45 FE models are established to simulate the post-blast morphology of longitudinal reinforcement. Two databases are created: one containing 45 original simulation cases, and an augmented version with 225 cases generated through data augmentation. To predict bending deflection and the exposed height of longitudinal reinforcement, artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) models are optimized using the hunter–prey optimization (HPO) algorithm. Results show that the HPO-optimized RF model trained on the augmented database achieves the best performance, with MSE, MAE, and R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.004, 0.041, and 0.931 on the training set, and 0.007, 0.057, and 0.865 on the testing set, respectively. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement has the most significant impact, while the shear reinforcement ratio has the least influence on both output variables. The partial dependence plot (PDP) analysis indicates that the ratio of shear reinforcement has the most significant impact on the deformation of longitudinal reinforcement.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/13/2351demolition blastingreinforced concrete columnpost-blast deformation morphologyresidual bearing capacitynumerical simulation
spellingShingle Kai Rong
Yongsheng Jia
Yingkang Yao
Jinshan Sun
Qi Yu
Hongliang Tang
Jun Yang
Xianqi Xie
ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
Buildings
demolition blasting
reinforced concrete column
post-blast deformation morphology
residual bearing capacity
numerical simulation
title ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
title_full ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
title_fullStr ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
title_full_unstemmed ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
title_short ANN and RF Optimized by Hunter–Prey Algorithm for Predicting Post-Blast RC Column Morphology
title_sort ann and rf optimized by hunter prey algorithm for predicting post blast rc column morphology
topic demolition blasting
reinforced concrete column
post-blast deformation morphology
residual bearing capacity
numerical simulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/13/2351
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