Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem
Abstract Rice yield could be increased by apply higher level of nitrogen fertilizer, but excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause plant lodging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate on lodging resistance of rice stems. Four japonica rice varieties with diffe...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| author | Yuya Lu Jiehao Cui Shuying Bao Weiyang Liu Yanqiu Geng Xuanhe Liang Shangze Li Liying Guo Xiwen Shao |
| author_facet | Yuya Lu Jiehao Cui Shuying Bao Weiyang Liu Yanqiu Geng Xuanhe Liang Shangze Li Liying Guo Xiwen Shao |
| author_sort | Yuya Lu |
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| description | Abstract Rice yield could be increased by apply higher level of nitrogen fertilizer, but excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause plant lodging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate on lodging resistance of rice stems. Four japonica rice varieties with different lodging resistance were used, and six nitrogen fertilizer levels were set up to analyze the morphological structure, mechanical properties, and chemical components of rice stems under such treatments. The dynamic changes of lodging resistance of rice stems under different nitrogen fertilizer application rates were exanimated. The study provide valuable insights for improving lodging resistance and subsequently increasing rice yield. The results indicated that WYD4 exhibited the highest yield under the N1 treatment, whereas JYJ, JJ 525, and JND 667 achieved the highest yield under the N2 treatment. The lodging index of rice varieties fluctuated at the filling stage, peaking 30 days after heading. Moreover, the lodging index increased progressively with higher nitrogen fertilizer application rates, reaching its maximum under the N5 treatment, which corresponded to an increased lodging risk. Specifically, the lodging index under the N5 treatment increased by 0.63–1.21 times compared to the optimal nitrogen fertilizer level. Concurrently, the fracture bending point (s) and lodging resistance of the rice stem exhibited a gradual decline. Additionally, plant height, internode length, and barycenter height significantly increased with rising nitrogen application rates and were positively correlated with the lodging index. Conversely, the wall thickness of the second basal node decreased and showed a negative correlation with the lodging index. Furthermore, the contents of lignin, cellulose, soluble sugar, and starch in the second internode diminished with increasing nitrogen rates, and were positively correlated with the breaking moment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8feeb7867fb4429bb91c7d54c0b1af20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-8feeb7867fb4429bb91c7d54c0b1af202025-01-19T12:19:14ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115112010.1038/s41598-025-85641-8Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stemYuya Lu0Jiehao Cui1Shuying Bao2Weiyang Liu3Yanqiu Geng4Xuanhe Liang5Shangze Li6Liying Guo7Xiwen Shao8Agronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityNational Crop Variety Approval and Characterization Station, Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAgronomy Collage Jilin Agricultural UniversityAbstract Rice yield could be increased by apply higher level of nitrogen fertilizer, but excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause plant lodging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate on lodging resistance of rice stems. Four japonica rice varieties with different lodging resistance were used, and six nitrogen fertilizer levels were set up to analyze the morphological structure, mechanical properties, and chemical components of rice stems under such treatments. The dynamic changes of lodging resistance of rice stems under different nitrogen fertilizer application rates were exanimated. The study provide valuable insights for improving lodging resistance and subsequently increasing rice yield. The results indicated that WYD4 exhibited the highest yield under the N1 treatment, whereas JYJ, JJ 525, and JND 667 achieved the highest yield under the N2 treatment. The lodging index of rice varieties fluctuated at the filling stage, peaking 30 days after heading. Moreover, the lodging index increased progressively with higher nitrogen fertilizer application rates, reaching its maximum under the N5 treatment, which corresponded to an increased lodging risk. Specifically, the lodging index under the N5 treatment increased by 0.63–1.21 times compared to the optimal nitrogen fertilizer level. Concurrently, the fracture bending point (s) and lodging resistance of the rice stem exhibited a gradual decline. Additionally, plant height, internode length, and barycenter height significantly increased with rising nitrogen application rates and were positively correlated with the lodging index. Conversely, the wall thickness of the second basal node decreased and showed a negative correlation with the lodging index. Furthermore, the contents of lignin, cellulose, soluble sugar, and starch in the second internode diminished with increasing nitrogen rates, and were positively correlated with the breaking moment.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85641-8NitrogenRice stemLodging resistanceDynamic changes |
| spellingShingle | Yuya Lu Jiehao Cui Shuying Bao Weiyang Liu Yanqiu Geng Xuanhe Liang Shangze Li Liying Guo Xiwen Shao Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem Scientific Reports Nitrogen Rice stem Lodging resistance Dynamic changes |
| title | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem |
| title_full | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem |
| title_fullStr | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem |
| title_short | Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice (Oryza sativa L.) stem |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on lodging resistance for rice oryza sativa l stem |
| topic | Nitrogen Rice stem Lodging resistance Dynamic changes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85641-8 |
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