Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests

In recent years, high inflation has emerged as a common fundamental problem for many countries. Studies investigating the causes of inflation have increased due to the high inflation observed worldwide following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Parallel to this, there has...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Saltuk Ağıralioğlu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Istanbul University Press 2025-02-01
Series:İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi
Subjects:
Online Access:https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BD7760FAA2EA4D9E84687F7C404A6506
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850035102133780480
author Saltuk Ağıralioğlu
author_facet Saltuk Ağıralioğlu
author_sort Saltuk Ağıralioğlu
collection DOAJ
description In recent years, high inflation has emerged as a common fundamental problem for many countries. Studies investigating the causes of inflation have increased due to the high inflation observed worldwide following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Parallel to this, there has been a growing interest in research examining the effects of monetary policies on inflation. This study analyzes the short- and long-term impacts of the Federal Reserve’s (FED) monetary policies on inflation in the United States through co-integration and causality tests. In particular, asset purchases and sales initiated after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, as interest rate changes failed to produce the desired effects, have provided opportunities to better analyse the impacts of monetary policies. In this research, the period from January 2008 to August 2024, including the COVID-19 era, was examined to determine whether changes in the FED’s balance sheet, the industrial production index, the unemployment rate, and inflation were statistically significant. In this research, based on the results of cointegration, FMOLS, DOLS analysis, and causality tests, increases in the balance sheet were found to have a statistically significant impact on inflation in both the short and long term. Additionally, causality tests revealed that changes in the FED’s balance sheet are a Granger cause of inflation. In the long term, inflation, changes in the balance sheet size, and the industrial production index were identified as causes of changes in unemployment. This finding highlights the importance of central bank balance sheet sizes and the monetary policies influencing these sizes.
format Article
id doaj-art-8fed5df51da24bf98bbb9ecbd18c263c
institution DOAJ
issn 2148-3876
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Istanbul University Press
record_format Article
series İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi
spelling doaj-art-8fed5df51da24bf98bbb9ecbd18c263c2025-08-20T02:57:35ZengIstanbul University Pressİktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi2148-38762025-02-0112118019410.26650/JEPR1596632123456Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality TestsSaltuk Ağıralioğlu0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-7090Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep, TurkiyeIn recent years, high inflation has emerged as a common fundamental problem for many countries. Studies investigating the causes of inflation have increased due to the high inflation observed worldwide following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Parallel to this, there has been a growing interest in research examining the effects of monetary policies on inflation. This study analyzes the short- and long-term impacts of the Federal Reserve’s (FED) monetary policies on inflation in the United States through co-integration and causality tests. In particular, asset purchases and sales initiated after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, as interest rate changes failed to produce the desired effects, have provided opportunities to better analyse the impacts of monetary policies. In this research, the period from January 2008 to August 2024, including the COVID-19 era, was examined to determine whether changes in the FED’s balance sheet, the industrial production index, the unemployment rate, and inflation were statistically significant. In this research, based on the results of cointegration, FMOLS, DOLS analysis, and causality tests, increases in the balance sheet were found to have a statistically significant impact on inflation in both the short and long term. Additionally, causality tests revealed that changes in the FED’s balance sheet are a Granger cause of inflation. In the long term, inflation, changes in the balance sheet size, and the industrial production index were identified as causes of changes in unemployment. This finding highlights the importance of central bank balance sheet sizes and the monetary policies influencing these sizes.https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BD7760FAA2EA4D9E84687F7C404A6506fedmonetary policiesinflationunemployment industrial production indexcointegrationfmols and dols analysiscausality tests
spellingShingle Saltuk Ağıralioğlu
Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi
fed
monetary policies
inflation
unemployment industrial production index
cointegration
fmols and dols analysis
causality tests
title Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
title_full Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
title_fullStr Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
title_short Analysis of the Effects of FED’s Monetary Policies on Inflation in the USA After the 2008 Global Crisis Through Co-integration and Causality Tests
title_sort analysis of the effects of fed s monetary policies on inflation in the usa after the 2008 global crisis through co integration and causality tests
topic fed
monetary policies
inflation
unemployment industrial production index
cointegration
fmols and dols analysis
causality tests
url https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BD7760FAA2EA4D9E84687F7C404A6506
work_keys_str_mv AT saltukagıralioglu analysisoftheeffectsoffedsmonetarypoliciesoninflationintheusaafterthe2008globalcrisisthroughcointegrationandcausalitytests