Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus

Abstract Physiology is closely synchronized to daily and seasonal light/dark cycles. Humans artificially extend daylight and experience irregular light schedules, resulting in dysregulation of metabolism and body mass. In rodents, winter‐like conditions (cold and short photoperiod) can alter energy...

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Main Authors: Margaret E. Newport, Paul Wilson, Shanna Lowes, Marthe Behrends, Alexis Coons, Jeff Bowman, Holly E. Bates
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:FASEB BioAdvances
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2024-00115
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author Margaret E. Newport
Paul Wilson
Shanna Lowes
Marthe Behrends
Alexis Coons
Jeff Bowman
Holly E. Bates
author_facet Margaret E. Newport
Paul Wilson
Shanna Lowes
Marthe Behrends
Alexis Coons
Jeff Bowman
Holly E. Bates
author_sort Margaret E. Newport
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Physiology is closely synchronized to daily and seasonal light/dark cycles. Humans artificially extend daylight and experience irregular light schedules, resulting in dysregulation of metabolism and body mass. In rodents, winter‐like conditions (cold and short photoperiod) can alter energy balance and adipose tissue mass. To determine if photoperiod alone, independent of temperature, is a strong enough signal to regulate adiposity, we compared the effects of long and short photoperiod at thermoneutrality on adiposity and WAT gene expression in photoperiod‐sensitive, F1 generation wild‐derived adult male white‐footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Mice were housed in long‐day (16:8 light:dark) or short‐day (8:16 light:dark) photoperiod conditions at thermoneutrality (27°C) for 4 weeks with the extended light being provided through artificial lighting. Photoperiod did not impact body weight or calorie consumption. However, mice housed in long photoperiod with extended artificial light selectively developed greater visceral WAT mass without changing subcutaneous WAT or interscapular BAT mass. This was accompanied by a decrease in Adrβ3 and Ucp1 mRNA expression in visceral WAT with no change in Pgc1a, Lpl, or Hsl. Expression of Per1, Per2, and Nr1d1 mRNA in visceral WAT differed between long and short photoperiods over time when aligned to circadian time but not onset of darkness, indicating alterations in clock gene expression with photoperiod. These findings suggest that extended photoperiod through artificial light can promote visceral fat accumulation alone, independent of temperature, supporting that artificial light may play a role in obesity.
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spelling doaj-art-8fce69e3ac694d139b3aba074c8745442025-08-20T03:11:58ZengWileyFASEB BioAdvances2573-98322025-05-0175n/an/a10.1096/fba.2024-00115Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopusMargaret E. Newport0Paul Wilson1Shanna Lowes2Marthe Behrends3Alexis Coons4Jeff Bowman5Holly E. Bates6Department of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaAbstract Physiology is closely synchronized to daily and seasonal light/dark cycles. Humans artificially extend daylight and experience irregular light schedules, resulting in dysregulation of metabolism and body mass. In rodents, winter‐like conditions (cold and short photoperiod) can alter energy balance and adipose tissue mass. To determine if photoperiod alone, independent of temperature, is a strong enough signal to regulate adiposity, we compared the effects of long and short photoperiod at thermoneutrality on adiposity and WAT gene expression in photoperiod‐sensitive, F1 generation wild‐derived adult male white‐footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Mice were housed in long‐day (16:8 light:dark) or short‐day (8:16 light:dark) photoperiod conditions at thermoneutrality (27°C) for 4 weeks with the extended light being provided through artificial lighting. Photoperiod did not impact body weight or calorie consumption. However, mice housed in long photoperiod with extended artificial light selectively developed greater visceral WAT mass without changing subcutaneous WAT or interscapular BAT mass. This was accompanied by a decrease in Adrβ3 and Ucp1 mRNA expression in visceral WAT with no change in Pgc1a, Lpl, or Hsl. Expression of Per1, Per2, and Nr1d1 mRNA in visceral WAT differed between long and short photoperiods over time when aligned to circadian time but not onset of darkness, indicating alterations in clock gene expression with photoperiod. These findings suggest that extended photoperiod through artificial light can promote visceral fat accumulation alone, independent of temperature, supporting that artificial light may play a role in obesity.https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2024-00115adipositycircadian rhythmclock genesPeromyscusphotoperiod
spellingShingle Margaret E. Newport
Paul Wilson
Shanna Lowes
Marthe Behrends
Alexis Coons
Jeff Bowman
Holly E. Bates
Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
FASEB BioAdvances
adiposity
circadian rhythm
clock genes
Peromyscus
photoperiod
title Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
title_full Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
title_fullStr Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
title_full_unstemmed Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
title_short Photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild‐derived Peromyscus leucopus
title_sort photoperiod influences visceral adiposity and the adipose molecular clock independent of temperature in wild derived peromyscus leucopus
topic adiposity
circadian rhythm
clock genes
Peromyscus
photoperiod
url https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2024-00115
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