Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males
Background: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in men, characterized by progressive thinning of scalp hair. Several factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis, including smoking, which induces oxidative stress that potentially affects the hair follicle health. The stud...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
ziauddin University
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ojs.zu.edu.pk/pjmd/article/view/3837 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850095910152830976 |
|---|---|
| author | Nasira Nasr Umaima Afzal Karishma Mushtaq |
| author_facet | Nasira Nasr Umaima Afzal Karishma Mushtaq |
| author_sort | Nasira Nasr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in men, characterized by progressive thinning of scalp hair. Several factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis, including smoking, which induces oxidative stress that potentially affects the hair follicle health. The study aims to evaluate the association between smoking and the presence and severity of androgenetic alopecia in adult males.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Combined Military Hospital, Rawalakot, for 6 months from July 2024 to December 2024. The inclusion criteria comprised adult males aged 18 to 50 years with a clinical diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia, who were willing to provide informed consent, including both smokers and non-smokers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Smoking status was categorized as current, former, or non-smoker. Clinical assessment of AGA was performed by a dermatologist using the Hamilton-Norwood scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 26, the chi-square test, with significance at p < 0.05.
Results: Among the 120 participants, 84 (70%) had androgenetic alopecia. A significant association was observed between smoking status and the presence of AGA (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the severity of AGA was significantly higher among current smokers compared to non-smokers (p = 0.017).
Conclusion: There is a substantial correlation between smoking and the degree and presence of androgenetic alopecia. These results underline the significance of quitting smoking at an early age and suggest that smoking may be a modifiable risk factor in the development of AGA.
|
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8fa784b64e334d9480e956570e6ffb21 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2313-7371 2308-2593 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | ziauddin University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-8fa784b64e334d9480e956570e6ffb212025-08-20T02:41:20Zengziauddin UniversityPakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry2313-73712308-25932025-07-0114310.36283/ziun-pjmd14-3/054Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult MalesNasira Nasr0Umaima Afzal 1Karishma Mushtaq 2Poonch Medical College/ Combined Military Hospital Rawalakot,Pakistan.Dr Kashif's Aesthetic Studio,Pakistan.Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi,Pakistan. Background: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in men, characterized by progressive thinning of scalp hair. Several factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis, including smoking, which induces oxidative stress that potentially affects the hair follicle health. The study aims to evaluate the association between smoking and the presence and severity of androgenetic alopecia in adult males. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Combined Military Hospital, Rawalakot, for 6 months from July 2024 to December 2024. The inclusion criteria comprised adult males aged 18 to 50 years with a clinical diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia, who were willing to provide informed consent, including both smokers and non-smokers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Smoking status was categorized as current, former, or non-smoker. Clinical assessment of AGA was performed by a dermatologist using the Hamilton-Norwood scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 26, the chi-square test, with significance at p < 0.05. Results: Among the 120 participants, 84 (70%) had androgenetic alopecia. A significant association was observed between smoking status and the presence of AGA (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the severity of AGA was significantly higher among current smokers compared to non-smokers (p = 0.017). Conclusion: There is a substantial correlation between smoking and the degree and presence of androgenetic alopecia. These results underline the significance of quitting smoking at an early age and suggest that smoking may be a modifiable risk factor in the development of AGA. https://ojs.zu.edu.pk/pjmd/article/view/3837Androgenetic AlopeciaSmokingHair lossBaldness |
| spellingShingle | Nasira Nasr Umaima Afzal Karishma Mushtaq Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Androgenetic Alopecia Smoking Hair loss Baldness |
| title | Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males |
| title_full | Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males |
| title_fullStr | Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males |
| title_short | Association Between Smoking and Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Severity and Dose-Response Relationship in Adult Males |
| title_sort | association between smoking and androgenetic alopecia a cross sectional analysis of severity and dose response relationship in adult males |
| topic | Androgenetic Alopecia Smoking Hair loss Baldness |
| url | https://ojs.zu.edu.pk/pjmd/article/view/3837 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nasiranasr associationbetweensmokingandandrogeneticalopeciaacrosssectionalanalysisofseverityanddoseresponserelationshipinadultmales AT umaimaafzal associationbetweensmokingandandrogeneticalopeciaacrosssectionalanalysisofseverityanddoseresponserelationshipinadultmales AT karishmamushtaq associationbetweensmokingandandrogeneticalopeciaacrosssectionalanalysisofseverityanddoseresponserelationshipinadultmales |