Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes
<b>Background</b>: Managing acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is complex, particularly when combined with comorbidities like sleep apnea. Effective treatment requires personalized approaches, focusing on quality of life (QoL) and mental health outcomes. <b>Purpose</b>:...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Petar Kalaydzhiev Tsvetelina Velikova Gergana Voynova Desislava Somleva Natalia Spasova Radostina Ilieva Elena Kinova Assen Goudev |
| author_facet | Petar Kalaydzhiev Tsvetelina Velikova Gergana Voynova Desislava Somleva Natalia Spasova Radostina Ilieva Elena Kinova Assen Goudev |
| author_sort | Petar Kalaydzhiev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: Managing acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is complex, particularly when combined with comorbidities like sleep apnea. Effective treatment requires personalized approaches, focusing on quality of life (QoL) and mental health outcomes. <b>Purpose</b>: This study explored the prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea in patients with obesity and AHF exacerbations. It assessed how different sleep apnea phenotypes impact QoL and mental health, applying personalized medicine strategies. <b>Methods</b>: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 150 patients admitted for AHF exacerbation. Inclusion criteria included an Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 5, an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) > 8, NT-proBNP > 900 pg/mL and informed consent obtained prior to participation. Optimized medical treatment was provided. QoL and mental health were evaluated using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). <b>Results</b>: Among 81 patients with sleep apnea, 73% (<i>n</i> = 59) had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 27% (<i>n</i> = 19) had central sleep apnea (CSA). OSA patients reported a higher QoL (61.12 ± 17.88) compared to CSA patients (37.18 ± 19.98, <i>p</i> < 0.001). CSA patients exhibited more severe depression (BDI: 26.18 ± 5.5 vs. 16.64 ± 4.1, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant correlations were noted between KCCQ and BDI scores (<i>r</i> = −0.849, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and central apnea events (<i>r</i> = −0.485, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Sleep apnea is common in ADHF patients, with CSA being linked to poorer QoL and greater depression. Personalized medicine offers promising strategies to enhance care and outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8f6d8d0ad72142fda0d4283b2cfb8e6c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2392-7674 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| series | Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-8f6d8d0ad72142fda0d4283b2cfb8e6c2025-08-20T03:27:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Mind and Medical Sciences2392-76742025-04-011211810.3390/jmms12010018Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea PhenotypesPetar Kalaydzhiev0Tsvetelina Velikova1Gergana Voynova2Desislava Somleva3Natalia Spasova4Radostina Ilieva5Elena Kinova6Assen Goudev7Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaMedical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia 1407, BulgariaCardiology Department, University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna—ISUL”, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria<b>Background</b>: Managing acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is complex, particularly when combined with comorbidities like sleep apnea. Effective treatment requires personalized approaches, focusing on quality of life (QoL) and mental health outcomes. <b>Purpose</b>: This study explored the prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea in patients with obesity and AHF exacerbations. It assessed how different sleep apnea phenotypes impact QoL and mental health, applying personalized medicine strategies. <b>Methods</b>: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 150 patients admitted for AHF exacerbation. Inclusion criteria included an Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 5, an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) > 8, NT-proBNP > 900 pg/mL and informed consent obtained prior to participation. Optimized medical treatment was provided. QoL and mental health were evaluated using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). <b>Results</b>: Among 81 patients with sleep apnea, 73% (<i>n</i> = 59) had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 27% (<i>n</i> = 19) had central sleep apnea (CSA). OSA patients reported a higher QoL (61.12 ± 17.88) compared to CSA patients (37.18 ± 19.98, <i>p</i> < 0.001). CSA patients exhibited more severe depression (BDI: 26.18 ± 5.5 vs. 16.64 ± 4.1, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant correlations were noted between KCCQ and BDI scores (<i>r</i> = −0.849, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and central apnea events (<i>r</i> = −0.485, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Sleep apnea is common in ADHF patients, with CSA being linked to poorer QoL and greater depression. Personalized medicine offers promising strategies to enhance care and outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2392-7674/12/1/18obstructive sleep apneacentral sleep apneasleep disorderssleep apnea phenotypspatient-reported outcomes |
| spellingShingle | Petar Kalaydzhiev Tsvetelina Velikova Gergana Voynova Desislava Somleva Natalia Spasova Radostina Ilieva Elena Kinova Assen Goudev Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences obstructive sleep apnea central sleep apnea sleep disorders sleep apnea phenotyps patient-reported outcomes |
| title | Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes |
| title_full | Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes |
| title_fullStr | Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes |
| title_short | Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with Exacerbated Heart Failure: The Role of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea Phenotypes |
| title_sort | quality of life and mental health in patients with exacerbated heart failure the role of obstructive and central sleep apnea phenotypes |
| topic | obstructive sleep apnea central sleep apnea sleep disorders sleep apnea phenotyps patient-reported outcomes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2392-7674/12/1/18 |
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