Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassays based on tris(bipyridine)ruthenium [Ru(bpy)32+] is the luminophore representing the most advanced and widely adopted approach in the field of in vitro diagnostics (IVD). However, the scarcity of potential-resolved ECL promoters for Ru(bpy)32+ markedly limi...

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Main Authors: Ziqi Kang, Shu Zhu, Shijun Wang, Zhizhi Xiang, Zixin Deng, Xuehao Tong, Zixu Wang, Yanghan Sun, Xiancheng Liu, Guangchao Zang, Chenzhong Li, Guixue Wang, Yuchan Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2025-01-01
Series:Research
Online Access:https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/research.0842
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author Ziqi Kang
Shu Zhu
Shijun Wang
Zhizhi Xiang
Zixin Deng
Xuehao Tong
Zixu Wang
Yanghan Sun
Xiancheng Liu
Guangchao Zang
Chenzhong Li
Guixue Wang
Yuchan Zhang
author_facet Ziqi Kang
Shu Zhu
Shijun Wang
Zhizhi Xiang
Zixin Deng
Xuehao Tong
Zixu Wang
Yanghan Sun
Xiancheng Liu
Guangchao Zang
Chenzhong Li
Guixue Wang
Yuchan Zhang
author_sort Ziqi Kang
collection DOAJ
description Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassays based on tris(bipyridine)ruthenium [Ru(bpy)32+] is the luminophore representing the most advanced and widely adopted approach in the field of in vitro diagnostics (IVD). However, the scarcity of potential-resolved ECL promoters for Ru(bpy)32+ markedly limits its application in clinical diagnostics. Here, we report the first application of cobalt single-atom catalysts (SACs) designed via density functional theory (DFT) calculations to boost the multi-signal ECL of Ru(bpy)32+. Mechanism investigations unveil that “ROS accumulation” induced by CoC4 and “ROS surge” driven by CoN4 are the key factors governing the cathodic and anodic ECL. As a proof of concept, a sandwich ratiometric immunosensor was developed to detect tumor marker CEA and demonstrated excellent clinical feasibility. This work provides insights into the development of tailored ECL promoters by introducing DFT prediction and elucidating the relationships between ORR/HPRR/OER processes and Ru(bpy)32+ ECL behavior, paving the way for designing precise immunoassays and advancing IVD techniques.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2639-5274
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-8f33fa6c52d74775b819f2702eab810d2025-08-20T03:36:59ZengAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Research2639-52742025-01-01810.34133/research.0842Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen SpeciesZiqi Kang0Shu Zhu1Shijun Wang2Zhizhi Xiang3Zixin Deng4Xuehao Tong5Zixu Wang6Yanghan Sun7Xiancheng Liu8Guangchao Zang9Chenzhong Li10Guixue Wang11Yuchan Zhang12Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Bioelectronics and Biosensors Center, School of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Base, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassays based on tris(bipyridine)ruthenium [Ru(bpy)32+] is the luminophore representing the most advanced and widely adopted approach in the field of in vitro diagnostics (IVD). However, the scarcity of potential-resolved ECL promoters for Ru(bpy)32+ markedly limits its application in clinical diagnostics. Here, we report the first application of cobalt single-atom catalysts (SACs) designed via density functional theory (DFT) calculations to boost the multi-signal ECL of Ru(bpy)32+. Mechanism investigations unveil that “ROS accumulation” induced by CoC4 and “ROS surge” driven by CoN4 are the key factors governing the cathodic and anodic ECL. As a proof of concept, a sandwich ratiometric immunosensor was developed to detect tumor marker CEA and demonstrated excellent clinical feasibility. This work provides insights into the development of tailored ECL promoters by introducing DFT prediction and elucidating the relationships between ORR/HPRR/OER processes and Ru(bpy)32+ ECL behavior, paving the way for designing precise immunoassays and advancing IVD techniques.https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/research.0842
spellingShingle Ziqi Kang
Shu Zhu
Shijun Wang
Zhizhi Xiang
Zixin Deng
Xuehao Tong
Zixu Wang
Yanghan Sun
Xiancheng Liu
Guangchao Zang
Chenzhong Li
Guixue Wang
Yuchan Zhang
Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
Research
title Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
title_full Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
title_fullStr Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
title_full_unstemmed Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
title_short Precision-Engineered Co-N4−x-Cx Single Atoms Enhance Potential-Resolved Ru(bpy)32+ Electrochemiluminescence via Reactive Oxygen Species
title_sort precision engineered co n4 x cx single atoms enhance potential resolved ru bpy 32 electrochemiluminescence via reactive oxygen species
url https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/research.0842
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