Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions
The performance of lithium-ion batteries deteriorates significantly under extreme-cold conditions due to increased internal resistance and decreased electrochemical activity. This study presents an experimental analysis of a battery thermal management system (BTMS) incorporating electromagnetic indu...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Alirıza Kaleli Bilal Sungur |
| author_facet | Alirıza Kaleli Bilal Sungur |
| author_sort | Alirıza Kaleli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The performance of lithium-ion batteries deteriorates significantly under extreme-cold conditions due to increased internal resistance and decreased electrochemical activity. This study presents an experimental analysis of a battery thermal management system (BTMS) incorporating electromagnetic induction heating and a fluid-based heat transfer mechanism to alleviate these problems. The experimental setup utilizes a closed-loop circulation system where ethylene glycol-based fluid flows through induction-heated copper tubes, ensuring efficient heat transfer to an 18650-cell battery. This study evaluates heating performance under varying ambient temperatures (−15 °C and −5 °C), fluid flow rates (0.22, 0.3, and 0.5 L/min), and induction power levels (150 W, 225 W, 275 W, and 400 W). The results indicate that lower flow rates (e.g., 0.22 L/min) provide faster heating due to longer thermal interaction time with the battery; however, localized boiling points were observed at these low flow rates, potentially leading to efficiency losses and thermal instability. At −15 °C and 400 W, the battery temperature reached 25 °C in 383 s at 0.22 L/min, while at 0.5 L/min, the same temperature was achieved in 463 s. Higher flow rates improved temperature uniformity but slightly reduced heating efficiency due to increased heat dissipation. Internal resistance measurements revealed a substantial decrease as battery temperature increased, further validating the effectiveness of the system. These findings present a viable alternative for heating electric vehicle batteries in sub-zero environments, thereby optimizing battery performance and extending operational lifespan. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8f24b5d2f0ca4bb2a7d1f04ed864e3c8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-8f24b5d2f0ca4bb2a7d1f04ed864e3c82025-08-20T02:42:38ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-03-0111310510.3390/batteries11030105Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold ConditionsAlirıza Kaleli0Bilal Sungur1Department of Electrical–Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Samsun University, Samsun 55139, TürkiyeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Samsun University, Samsun 55139, TürkiyeThe performance of lithium-ion batteries deteriorates significantly under extreme-cold conditions due to increased internal resistance and decreased electrochemical activity. This study presents an experimental analysis of a battery thermal management system (BTMS) incorporating electromagnetic induction heating and a fluid-based heat transfer mechanism to alleviate these problems. The experimental setup utilizes a closed-loop circulation system where ethylene glycol-based fluid flows through induction-heated copper tubes, ensuring efficient heat transfer to an 18650-cell battery. This study evaluates heating performance under varying ambient temperatures (−15 °C and −5 °C), fluid flow rates (0.22, 0.3, and 0.5 L/min), and induction power levels (150 W, 225 W, 275 W, and 400 W). The results indicate that lower flow rates (e.g., 0.22 L/min) provide faster heating due to longer thermal interaction time with the battery; however, localized boiling points were observed at these low flow rates, potentially leading to efficiency losses and thermal instability. At −15 °C and 400 W, the battery temperature reached 25 °C in 383 s at 0.22 L/min, while at 0.5 L/min, the same temperature was achieved in 463 s. Higher flow rates improved temperature uniformity but slightly reduced heating efficiency due to increased heat dissipation. Internal resistance measurements revealed a substantial decrease as battery temperature increased, further validating the effectiveness of the system. These findings present a viable alternative for heating electric vehicle batteries in sub-zero environments, thereby optimizing battery performance and extending operational lifespan.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/3/105Li-ion batteryinduction heatingextreme-cold conditionsbattery thermal management |
| spellingShingle | Alirıza Kaleli Bilal Sungur Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions Batteries Li-ion battery induction heating extreme-cold conditions battery thermal management |
| title | Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions |
| title_full | Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions |
| title_short | Experimental Analysis of Battery Cell Heating Through Electromagnetic Induction-Based Liquid System Considering Induction Power and Flow Rate Effects in Extreme-Cold Conditions |
| title_sort | experimental analysis of battery cell heating through electromagnetic induction based liquid system considering induction power and flow rate effects in extreme cold conditions |
| topic | Li-ion battery induction heating extreme-cold conditions battery thermal management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/3/105 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alirızakaleli experimentalanalysisofbatterycellheatingthroughelectromagneticinductionbasedliquidsystemconsideringinductionpowerandflowrateeffectsinextremecoldconditions AT bilalsungur experimentalanalysisofbatterycellheatingthroughelectromagneticinductionbasedliquidsystemconsideringinductionpowerandflowrateeffectsinextremecoldconditions |