Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity
Abstract Aims The kinetics of recovery‐period oxygen uptake (VO2) are affected by the O2 deficit generated during exercise. However, studies using ramp tests (RTs) and constant work rate tests (CT) have differently characterized VO2 responses to increased exercise intensity differently. We used thes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-06-01
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| Series: | ESC Heart Failure |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12641 |
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| author | Yuri Ichikawa Tomoko Maeda Tetsuya Takahashi Kohei Ashikaga Shiori Tanaka Yuki Sumi Haruki Itoh |
| author_facet | Yuri Ichikawa Tomoko Maeda Tetsuya Takahashi Kohei Ashikaga Shiori Tanaka Yuki Sumi Haruki Itoh |
| author_sort | Yuri Ichikawa |
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| description | Abstract Aims The kinetics of recovery‐period oxygen uptake (VO2) are affected by the O2 deficit generated during exercise. However, studies using ramp tests (RTs) and constant work rate tests (CT) have differently characterized VO2 responses to increased exercise intensity differently. We used these two types of loading patterns to investigate the effects of low‐intensity, medium‐intensity, and high‐intensity exercises on the half time (T1/2) of recovery‐period VO2 and the mechanism. Methods and results Ten healthy men aged 21.2 ± 0.9 years underwent symptom‐limited cardiopulmonary exercise tests with the ramp protocol to determine their anaerobic threshold. All subjects subsequently underwent three submaximal RT and CT at low, moderate, and high intensities. In all RTs, subjects began exercise by warming up (20 W). In CT, T1/2 was significantly lengthened as exercise intensity increased (CT‐low: 34.0 ± 3.9 s, CT‐moderate: 39.5 ± 3.5 s, CT‐high:44.6 ± 4.2 s; P < 0.01, ANOVA), whereas no significant change was observed in RT, which began with the same work rate (RT‐low: 46.0 ± 5.7 s, RT‐moderate: 45.7 ± 4.8 s, RT‐high: 44.6 ± 3.5 s, RT‐max: 44.8 ± 3.2 s; P = 0.868, ANOVA). Only high‐intensity exercise resulted in two components (the fast and slow components) of VO2 decay, reflecting the increased O2 deficit by anaerobic metabolism. Conclusions The exercise intensity at the beginning of an exercise affects early recovery‐period VO2, which is a fast component. The T1/2 of recovery‐period VO2 occurs during the fast component, and an increase in O2 deficit affects both the fast and slow components, lengthening the T1/2. The T1/2 of recovery‐period VO2 in CT at moderate or high intensities, even if not symptom limited, can be used to evaluate exercise intolerance and early occurrence of anaerobic metabolism. Submaximal exercise tests may be considered as convenient methods for evaluating exercise tolerance in patients with cardiac failure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8eb14455a21446bcbf0406a604b77252 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2055-5822 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ESC Heart Failure |
| spelling | doaj-art-8eb14455a21446bcbf0406a604b772522025-02-03T10:25:46ZengWileyESC Heart Failure2055-58222020-06-01731109111710.1002/ehf2.12641Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensityYuri Ichikawa0Tomoko Maeda1Tetsuya Takahashi2Kohei Ashikaga3Shiori Tanaka4Yuki Sumi5Haruki Itoh6Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Science Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo JapanClinical Laboratory Sakakibara Heart Clinic Tokyo JapanDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science Juntendo University Tokyo JapanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine St. Mariana University School of Medicine Kanagawa JapanDepartment of Cardiology Sakakibara Heart Institute 3‐16‐1 Asahi‐cho, Fuchu‐shi Tokyo 183‐0003 JapanBiofunctional Informatics, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo JapanDepartment of Cardiology Sakakibara Heart Institute 3‐16‐1 Asahi‐cho, Fuchu‐shi Tokyo 183‐0003 JapanAbstract Aims The kinetics of recovery‐period oxygen uptake (VO2) are affected by the O2 deficit generated during exercise. However, studies using ramp tests (RTs) and constant work rate tests (CT) have differently characterized VO2 responses to increased exercise intensity differently. We used these two types of loading patterns to investigate the effects of low‐intensity, medium‐intensity, and high‐intensity exercises on the half time (T1/2) of recovery‐period VO2 and the mechanism. Methods and results Ten healthy men aged 21.2 ± 0.9 years underwent symptom‐limited cardiopulmonary exercise tests with the ramp protocol to determine their anaerobic threshold. All subjects subsequently underwent three submaximal RT and CT at low, moderate, and high intensities. In all RTs, subjects began exercise by warming up (20 W). In CT, T1/2 was significantly lengthened as exercise intensity increased (CT‐low: 34.0 ± 3.9 s, CT‐moderate: 39.5 ± 3.5 s, CT‐high:44.6 ± 4.2 s; P < 0.01, ANOVA), whereas no significant change was observed in RT, which began with the same work rate (RT‐low: 46.0 ± 5.7 s, RT‐moderate: 45.7 ± 4.8 s, RT‐high: 44.6 ± 3.5 s, RT‐max: 44.8 ± 3.2 s; P = 0.868, ANOVA). Only high‐intensity exercise resulted in two components (the fast and slow components) of VO2 decay, reflecting the increased O2 deficit by anaerobic metabolism. Conclusions The exercise intensity at the beginning of an exercise affects early recovery‐period VO2, which is a fast component. The T1/2 of recovery‐period VO2 occurs during the fast component, and an increase in O2 deficit affects both the fast and slow components, lengthening the T1/2. The T1/2 of recovery‐period VO2 in CT at moderate or high intensities, even if not symptom limited, can be used to evaluate exercise intolerance and early occurrence of anaerobic metabolism. Submaximal exercise tests may be considered as convenient methods for evaluating exercise tolerance in patients with cardiac failure.https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12641Oxygen uptakeO2 deficitRecovery‐periodHalf timeExercise intensity |
| spellingShingle | Yuri Ichikawa Tomoko Maeda Tetsuya Takahashi Kohei Ashikaga Shiori Tanaka Yuki Sumi Haruki Itoh Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity ESC Heart Failure Oxygen uptake O2 deficit Recovery‐period Half time Exercise intensity |
| title | Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| title_full | Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| title_fullStr | Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| title_short | Changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| title_sort | changes in oxygen uptake kinetics after exercise caused by differences in loading pattern and exercise intensity |
| topic | Oxygen uptake O2 deficit Recovery‐period Half time Exercise intensity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12641 |
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