The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative 2 (EDGI2): study protocol

The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative 2 (EDGI2): study protocol

Abstract Background The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative 2 (EDGI2) is designed to explore the role of genes and environment in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) with a focus on broad population representation and sever...

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Main Authors: Natasha Berthold, Casey M. MacDermod, Laura M. Thornton, Richard Parker, Shantal Anid Cortés Morales, Liv Hog, Hannah L. Kennedy, Jerry Guintivano, Patrick F. Sullivan, James J. Crowley, Jessica S. Johnson, Andreas Birgegård, Bengt T. Fundín, Emma Frans, Jiayi Xu, Michaela Pettie “Ngāti Pūkenga”, Allison L. Miller, Mariana Valdez Aguilar, Sarah Barakat, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Jennifer P. White, Janne T. Larsen, Elsie Trujillo, Bertha Winterman, Ruyue Zhang, Rachel Lawson, Stephen Wonderlich, Joseph Wonderlich, Lauren M. Schaefer, Philip S. Mehler, Judy Oakes, Marina Foster, Jennifer Gaudiani, Eva Trujillo Chi Vacuán, Emilio J. Compte, Liselotte V. Petersen, Zeynep Yilmaz, Nadia Micali, Jennifer Jordan, Martin A. Kennedy, Sarah Maguire, Laura M. Huckins, Yi Lu, Lisa Dinkler, Nicholas G. Martin, Cynthia M. Bulik
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Psychiatry
Subjects:
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
Genome-wide association
Psychiatric genetics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06777-5
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Summary:Abstract Background The Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative 2 (EDGI2) is designed to explore the role of genes and environment in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) with a focus on broad population representation and severe and/or longstanding illness. Methods A total of 20,000 new participants (18,700 cases and 1,300 controls) will be ascertained from the United States (US), Mexico (MX), Australia (AU), Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), Sweden (SE), and Denmark (DK). Comprehensive phenotyping and genotyping will be performed for participants in US, MX, AU, NZ, and SE using the EDGI2 questionnaire battery and participant saliva samples. In DK, case identification and genotyping will be through the National Patient Register and bloodspots archived near birth. Case–control and case-case genome-wide association studies will be conducted within EDGI2 and enhanced via meta-analysis with external data from the Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC-ED). Additional analyses will explore genetic correlations between eating disorders (EDs) and other psychiatric and metabolic traits, calculate polygenic risk scores (PRS), and leverage functional biology to evaluate clinical outcomes. Moreover, analyzing PRS for patient stratification and linking identified risk loci to clinically relevant phenotypes highlight the potential of EDGI2 for clinical translation. Discussion EDGI2 is a global expansion of the EDGI study to increase sample size, increase participant representation across multiple ancestral backgrounds, and to include ARFID. ED genetics research has historically lagged behind other psychiatric disorders, and EDGI2 is designed to rapidly advance the study of the genetics of the major EDs. Exploring EDs at both the diagnostic level and the symptom level will provide an unprecedented look at the genetic architecture underlying EDs. Trial registration EDGI2 is a registered clinical trial: clinicaltrials.gov NCT06594913. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06594913 (posted September 19, 2024).
ISSN:1471-244X

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