Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors
The practical implementation of terahertz (THz) imaging and spectroscopic systems in real operational conditions requires them to be of a compact size, to have enhanced functionality, and to be user-friendly. This work demonstrates the single-sided integration of Fresnel-zone-plate-based optical ele...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/229 |
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| author | Karolis Redeckas Vytautas Jakštas Matas Bernatonis Vincas Tamošiūnas Gintaras Valušis Linas Minkevičius |
| author_facet | Karolis Redeckas Vytautas Jakštas Matas Bernatonis Vincas Tamošiūnas Gintaras Valušis Linas Minkevičius |
| author_sort | Karolis Redeckas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The practical implementation of terahertz (THz) imaging and spectroscopic systems in real operational conditions requires them to be of a compact size, to have enhanced functionality, and to be user-friendly. This work demonstrates the single-sided integration of Fresnel-zone-plate-based optical elements with InGaAs bow-tie diodes directly on a semiconductor chip. Numerical simulations were conducted to optimize the Fresnel zone plate’s focal length and the InP substrate’s thickness to achieve constructive interference at 600 GHz, room-temperature operation and achieve a sensitivity more than an order of magnitude higher—up to 24.5 V/W—than that of a standalone bow-tie detector. Investigations revealed the strong angular dependence of the incident radiation on the Fresnel zone plate-integrated bow-tie diode’s response. These findings pave a promising avenue for the further development of single-sided integration of flat optics with THz detectors, enabling improved sensitivity, simplified manufacturing processes, and reduced costs for THz detection systems in a more compact design scheme. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e91315cd5e84334b33a7292d49a0205 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e91315cd5e84334b33a7292d49a02052025-01-10T13:21:17ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125122910.3390/s25010229Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie DetectorsKarolis Redeckas0Vytautas Jakštas1Matas Bernatonis2Vincas Tamošiūnas3Gintaras Valušis4Linas Minkevičius5Department of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaDepartment of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaDepartment of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaDepartment of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaDepartment of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaDepartment of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, LithuaniaThe practical implementation of terahertz (THz) imaging and spectroscopic systems in real operational conditions requires them to be of a compact size, to have enhanced functionality, and to be user-friendly. This work demonstrates the single-sided integration of Fresnel-zone-plate-based optical elements with InGaAs bow-tie diodes directly on a semiconductor chip. Numerical simulations were conducted to optimize the Fresnel zone plate’s focal length and the InP substrate’s thickness to achieve constructive interference at 600 GHz, room-temperature operation and achieve a sensitivity more than an order of magnitude higher—up to 24.5 V/W—than that of a standalone bow-tie detector. Investigations revealed the strong angular dependence of the incident radiation on the Fresnel zone plate-integrated bow-tie diode’s response. These findings pave a promising avenue for the further development of single-sided integration of flat optics with THz detectors, enabling improved sensitivity, simplified manufacturing processes, and reduced costs for THz detection systems in a more compact design scheme.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/229terahertz sensingbow-tie detectorson-chip integrationFresnel zone platessensitivity enhancement |
| spellingShingle | Karolis Redeckas Vytautas Jakštas Matas Bernatonis Vincas Tamošiūnas Gintaras Valušis Linas Minkevičius Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors Sensors terahertz sensing bow-tie detectors on-chip integration Fresnel zone plates sensitivity enhancement |
| title | Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors |
| title_full | Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors |
| title_short | Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors |
| title_sort | enhanced terahertz sensing via on chip integration of diffractive optics with ingaas bow tie detectors |
| topic | terahertz sensing bow-tie detectors on-chip integration Fresnel zone plates sensitivity enhancement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/229 |
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